湖北省部分免疫规划疫苗免疫成功率监测分析  

Monitoring and analysis of vaccine immunization success rate of some immunization programs in Hubei Province

作　　者：骆金俊 王四全[1] 王雷[1] 张迟[1] 赵明江[1] LUO Jinjun;WANG Siquan;WANG Lei;ZHANG Chi;ZHAO Mingjiang(Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2019年第6期40-43,共4页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解湖北省免疫规划疫苗接种后免疫效果,为制定湖北省免疫规划策略提供科学依据。方法选取湖北省3个县(市)开展免疫规划疫苗免疫成功率监测,分别监测目标人群百白破(DTaP)、麻风(MR)、麻腮风(MMR)、乙脑(JEV-L)、脊灰(OPV)5种疫苗针对疾病的疫苗免疫效果。结果 DTaP中百日咳、白喉、破伤风免疫成功率为38.00%、100%、100%,免疫前后,百日咳抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ~2=3.048,P>0.05),白喉和破伤风抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(白喉:χ~2=100.00,P<0.01;破伤风:χ~2=88.679,P<0.01);MR中麻疹、风疹免疫成功率为100%、98.00%,免疫前后,麻疹和风疹抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义(麻疹:χ~2=92.308,P<0.01;风疹:χ~2=6.737,P<0.05);MMR中麻疹、流腮、风疹免疫成功率均为100%,免疫前后,麻疹抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.701,P<0.05),流腮和风疹抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(χ~2=0.000,P>0.05);JEV-L中乙脑免疫成功率为76.00%,免疫前后,乙脑抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=57.545,P<0.01);OPV中脊灰免疫成功率为96.00%,免疫后,脊灰Ⅰ型中和抗体阳性率和Ⅲ型中和抗体阳性率均无统计学意义(χ~2=0.000,P>0.05)。结论 5种疫苗免疫成功率总体良好,但有必要优化百日咳菌苗和乙脑疫苗免疫程序,提升疫苗抗体免疫成功率,才能降低相关疾病的发病风险。Objective To understand the immunization effect after vaccination in Hubei Province, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of immunization programs strategy. Methods Three counties(cities) in Hubei Province were selected to carry out the surveillance of the success rate of immunization with the vaccine. The immunization effects of 5 vaccines was monitored, including diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(DTaP),measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine( MR),measles,mumps and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine(MMR), Japanese encephalitis attenuated live vaccine(JEV-L), and oral poliomyelitis attenuated live vaccine(OPV) in the target population. Results Immunization success rates of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus were 38.00%, 100% and 100% in DTaP. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of pertussis antibody before and after immunization(χ~2=3.048, P>0.05).The positive rates of the antibody of diphtheria and tetanus were all statistically significant(diphtheria:χ~2=100.000, P<0.01;tetanus:χ~2=88.679,P<0.01). The immunization success rates of measles and rubella were 100% and 98.00% in MR, and the positive rates of measles and rubella antibody were all statistically significant before and after immunization(measles:χ~2=92.308, P<0.01;rubella: χ~2=6.737, P<0.05). The immunization success rate of measles, mumps and rubella were all 100% in MMR. The positive rate of measles antibody was statistically significant before and after immunization(χ~2=8.701, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the positive rate of mumps and rubella antibody(χ~2=0.000, P>0.05). The immunization success rate of Japanese encephalitis was 76.00% in JEV-L, and the positive rate of Japanese encephalitis antibody was statistically significant(χ~2=57.545, P<0.05) before and after immunization. The immunization success rate of oral poliomyelitis was 96.00% in OPV. There was no significant difference for the positive rate of both type I and type III n

关 键 词：免疫规划 疫苗 免疫成功率 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]