奥马哈系统对糖尿病合并肺结核患者知信行的影响  

Effect of Omaha system on knowledge,attitude and practice of patients with diabetes mellitus complicating pulmonary tuberculosis

作　　者：崔魁丽[1] 朱玉花[1] 刘卫国 焦军华[1] 张盼花[1] CUI Kuili;ZHU Yuhua;LIU Weiguo;JIAO Junhua;ZHANG Panhua(Department of Tuberculosis Medicine,First Affiliated Hospitail of Xinxiang Medical University,Xinxiang,Henan 453100,China)

机构地区：[1]新乡医学院第一附属医院结核内科

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2019年第24期3749-3754,共6页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

基　　金：河南省卫生健康委员会医学科技攻关计划项目（201602153）

摘　　要：目的探讨应用奥马哈系统对2型糖尿病合并肺结核病患者知信行的影响。方法将2017年3月至2018年3月该院住院的90例2型糖尿病合并肺结核患者分为对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组进行常规入院评估、住院知识及疾病知识宣教,观察组患者入院第1、14天应用奥马哈系统,收集资料,访谈找出患者的主要护理问题进行分析、归类,为临床护理提供依据,并进行干预,2次的护理问题采用Likert 5分法从认知、行为、状况3个方面进行评价,分析干预前后的护理效果。出院时对2组患者糖尿病患者自我管理知识、态度服药依从性,肺结核核心知识的掌握进行评价。结果观察组患者住院2周护理问题的改善明显优于入院时,出院时糖尿病患者自我管理知识、态度评价量表得分,肺结核核心知识掌握得分,出院后1、3个月治疗依从性均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于奥马哈系统的护理能帮助护士有效分析2型糖尿病合并肺结核患者存在的护理问题,促进临床护理的评估和整体护理的实施,可使患者获得相应知识,改变其对疾病的态度,规范服药行为,促进疾病的康复。Objective To explore the impact of the Omaha system on the knowledge,attitude and practice of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicating pulmonary tuberculosis(TB).Methods Ninety inpatients with T2DM complicating pulmonary TB treated in the hospital from March 2017 to March 2018 were divided into the control group and observation group,45 cases in each group.The control group conducted the routine admission assessment,in-patient knowledge and disease knowledge education.The observation group used the Omaha system on 1,14 d after admission to collect the data and interview for finding out the main nursing problems,then conducted the analysis and classification to provide the basis for clinical nursing,and performed the intervention.The nursing problems in the second time adopted the Likert 5-point method to assess from the three aspects of cognition,practice and status.The nursing effects before and after intervention were analyzed.At the time of discharge,the knowledge and attitude of diabetes self-management,master of the pulmonary TB core knowledge and medication compliance were evaluated in the two groups.Results The improvement of nursing problems after 2-week hospitalization in the observation group was significantly superior to that at admission,at discharge,the scores of the diabetes knowledge and attitude evaluation scale,scores of TB core knowledge mastering and the treatment compliance in 1,3 months after discharge in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The Omaha-based nursing care can help the nurses to effectively analyze the existing nursing problems in the patients with T2DM complicating pulmonary TB,promote the evaluation of clinical nursing care and the implementation of holistic nursing care,make the patients to obtain the corresponding knowledge,standardize the medication behavior and promote the disease recovery.

关 键 词：糖尿病 肺结核 健康知识 奥马哈系统 

分 类 号：R587.1[医药卫生—内分泌]