新疆北部地区虚拟水流动研究  

Study on virtual water flow in northern Xinjiang

作　　者：雷雨 苏守娟 龙爱华[3,4] 於嘉闻[4] 谢蕾 LEI Yu;SU Shoujuan;LONG Aihua;YU Jiawen;XIE Lei(Xinjiang Administration of Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design,Urumqi 830001,Xinjiang,China;College of Geography and Environment Science,Northwest normal university,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;State key laboratory of basin water cycle simulation and regulation,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;College of Water&Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆水利水电规划设计管理局,新疆乌鲁木齐830001 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [4]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2019年第12期65-72,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0601602,2017YFAC0404301));国家自然科学基金项目(51479209)

摘　　要：水资源是人类生存和社会经济发展的重要自然资源,研究社会经济系统中虚拟水流动情况,可为水资源管理提供新的方法和手段。本文基于水资源投入产出模型,结合产业关联度、虚拟水转移量、虚拟水消费量及虚拟水贸易量等相关评价指标,从虚拟水的转移、消费和贸易三个角度分析了2012年新疆北部地区虚拟水流动情况。结果表明:2012年新疆北部地区虚拟水总量268.11亿m^3,其中农业部门占56.1%;农业部门的虚拟水转移量最多(101.73亿m^3),主要转移到与农业部门关联度较高的食品制造业和纺织业等部门;在虚拟水最终消费部门中,农村居民、城镇居民、政府部门虚拟水消费量分别占总消费量的23.2%、64.7%、12.1%;新疆北部地区虚拟水贸易处于净调出状态,净调出量为197.26亿m^3,主要调出到水资源相对丰富的广东、山东、山西、黑龙江和上海等地,其中农业部门虚拟水净调出量最高(200.50亿m^3),其余大多数部门为虚拟水净调入部门。通过对新疆北部地区虚拟水的流动情况进行量化分析,发现大量调出虚拟水加重了当地的水资源压力,本研究可为后续进一步解决当地的水资源压力提供理论支撑和参考依据。Water resource is an important natural resource for human survival and social and economic development.The study of virtual water flow in social and economic systems can provide new methods and means for water resources management.Based on the Input-Output model of water resources,this paper analyzes the flow of virtual water in north of Xinjiang in 2012 from three perspectives of virtual water transfer,consumption and trade,combining with relevant evaluation indexes such as industrial correlation,virtual water transfer,virtual water consumption and virtual water trade.The results show that in 2012,the total virtual water in north of Xinjiang is 26.811 billion m^3,among which the agricultural sector accounted for 56.1%.The agricultural sector has the largest amount of virtual water transfer(10.173 billion m^3),which is mainly transferred to food manufacturing and textile industries,which are highly related to the agricultural sector.In the virtual water final consumption sector,rural residents,urban residents and government departments accounted for 23.1%,64.7%and 12.1%of the total virtual water consumption,respectively.The virtual water trade in north of Xinjiang is in a state of net transfer,with a net transfer volume of 19.726 billion m^3.The virtual water in the research area is mainly transferred to Guangdong,Shandong,Shanxi,Heilongjiang and Shanghai,where water resources are relatively abundant.Among which the agricultural department has the highest virtual water net transfer volume(20.050 billion m^3),while most of the other departments are virtual water net transfer departments.Through the quantitative analysis of the flow of virtual water in north of Xinjiang,it is found that a large number of virtual water transfers aggravate the pressure of local water resources.This study can provide theoretical support and reference basis for further solving the pressure of local water resources.

关 键 词：虚拟水 投入产出模型 产业关联度 虚拟水转移 虚拟水消费 虚拟水贸易 新疆北部地区 

分 类 号：F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学] K901[历史地理—人文地理学]