近16年来新疆内陆河区生态耗水及其变化分析  

Analysis of ecological water consumption and its variation in inland river regions in Xinjiang in recent 16 years

作　　者：龙爱华[1,2] 魏潇娜[1] 张继 海洋 刘静 王燕云[1] 於嘉闻 LONG Aihua;WEI Xiaona;ZHANG Ji;HAI Yang;LIU Jing;WANG Yanyun;YU Jiawen(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;College of Water and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi Univercity,Shihezi 832000,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038 [2]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2019年第12期170-177,共8页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFA0601602;2017YFC0404301);国家自然科学基金项目(51479209,51609260)

摘　　要：在分析新疆生态需(用)水研究相关进展、阐述新疆内陆河区水与生态环境特征的基础上,依据水量平衡原理,结合逐年出版的水资源公报信息与相关研究成果,逐年定量研究了新疆内陆河地区进入21世纪来的生态耗水量及被挤占量,分析了研究区生态耗水量变化的主要原因。研究结果表明,2001-2016年新疆内陆河区虽适逢丰水期,但生态耗水总量并未相应显著增加,年均仅307.1×10^8 m^3,生态用水被挤占趋势日趋严重;不断增长的农业灌溉规模是新疆内陆河地区生态用水难以保障、生态环境恶化甚至部分区域生态危机一触即发的首要原因。因此,适当控制农业规模、调整用水结构、强化政府监管、建立健全生态用水长效保障机制,是当前形势下新疆生态文明建设努力的方向。Based on the analysis of the relevant progress from the study on the ecological water demand/consumption in Xinjiang and description of the water and ecological environment characteristics of the inland river regions in Xinjiang,both the ecological water consumption and the occupied volume of the ecological water in the inland river regions in Xinjiang since the beginning of this century are quantitively studied herein year by year in combination with the annual water resources bulletin and the relevant study result according to the principle of water balance,and then the main causation of the variation of the ecological water consumption within the study area is analyzed as well.The study result shows that though the inland river regions in Xinjiang go through a wet period during 2001-2016,the total ecological water consumption does not correspondingly and significantly increase,of which the annual average value is only 307.1×10^8 m^3,while the trend of the occupation of ecological water is increasingly serious,thus the ever-increasing irrigation scale is the primary causation for the difficult guarantee of ecological water,eco-environment deterioration and even occurrence of ecological crisis at any moment in a part of the regions.Therefore,properly controlling agricultural scale,adjusting water use structure,strengthening governmental supervision and establishing and perfecting long-term guarantee mechanism of ecological water use are the endeavoring directions for the eco-civilization construction under the current situation in Xinjiang.

关 键 词：新疆内陆河区 社会经济耗水 水量平衡 生态耗水 变化分析 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]