基于15N同位素示踪技术的烤烟品种上部叶氮积累和氨挥发量差异分析  

15N isotope tracing analysis of nitrogen accumulation and ammonia volatilization in upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco varieties

作　　者：徐清泉[1] 刘化冰[1] 尚晓颍[1] 程昌合[1] 张晓兵[1] 夏琛[1] 张勇刚[1] 金慧清[1] 徐世晓[2] 杨铁钊[2] 邹光进 XU Qingquan;LIU Huabing;SHANG Xiaoying;CHENG Changhe;ZHANG Xiaobing;XIA Chen;ZHANG Yonggang;JIN Huiqing;XU Shixiao;YANG Tiezhao;ZOU Guangjin(Technology Center,China Tobacco Zhejiang Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310024,China;College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Qiandongnan Branch of Guizhou Provincial Tobacco Company,Kaili 556000,Guizhou,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中烟工业有限责任公司,杭州市310024 [2]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州市450002 [3]贵州省烟草公司黔东南分公司,贵州省556000

出　　处：《烟草科技》2019年第12期10-16,共7页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：浙江中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目“高香气特色品种烟叶规模开发与工业应用研究”（ZJZY2016B001）

摘　　要：为明确贵州黔东南烟区不同烤烟品种上部叶对土壤氮源和肥料氮源的利用差异,以当地主栽品种云烟87和K326为试验材料,通过施用15N同位素标记的15NH415NO3肥(基肥,70%)和K15NO3肥(追肥,30%)研究了两个品种上部叶的氮素积累和氨挥发的差异性。两个品种烤烟上部叶氮素含量(质量分数)随生育期的推进呈先升高后降低的趋势,两个品种烤烟吸收土壤氮素含量占烟株全氮含量的比例随生育期的推进而逐渐升高,对上部叶的氮素营养贡献率较大;云烟87上部叶氨挥发量大于K326,两个品种烤烟上部叶氨挥发的氮源主要来自肥料氮。黔东南烟区土壤氮对上部叶的氮素营养起主导作用,不同烤烟品种上部叶对土壤氮和肥料氮的利用存在差异。In order to investigate the different utilization of soil nitrogen sources in fertilizer by upper leaves of flue-cured tobacco varieties in tobacco planting areas in southeast Guizhou,the nitrogen accumulation and ammonia volatilization in the upper leaves of cv.Yunyan89 and cv.K326 were measured using 15NH415NO3 fertilizer(base fertilizer,70%)and K15NO3 fertilizer(top dressing fertilizer,30%),both labeled with 15N isotope.The results indicated that the nitrogen content in the upper leaves of the two varieties increased at first and then decreased during growing,and the proportion of the nitrogen absorbed from soil in the total nitrogen content increased gradually.The contribution of nitrogen absorbed from soil to the nitrogen nutrition needed by the upper leaves was enhanced.The ammonia volatilization from the upper leaves of cv.Yunyan87 was higher than that of cv.K326,and the nitrogen source of ammonia volatilization in the upper leaves of the two varieties was mainly from the nitrogen in fertilizer.It is concluded that the soil nitrogen played a decisive role in the nitrogen nutrition of the upper leaves and the utilization of the upper leaves to the nitrogen in soil and nitrogen in fertilizer differed between the tobacco varieties.

关 键 词：烤烟 上部叶 土壤氮 肥料氮 15N同位素 氨挥发 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]