苹果扦插繁殖生根机理研究进展  

Progress of Rooting Mechanism Study in Apple Cutting Propagation

作　　者：杜学梅[1] 杨廷桢[1] 高敬东[1] 王骞[1] 蔡华成[1] 李春燕[1] 王淑婷[1] 弓桂花[1] Du Xuemei;Yang Tingzhen;Gao Jingdong;Wang Qian;Cai Huacheng;Li Chunyan;Wang Shuting;Gong Guihua(Pomology Institute Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology,Taiyuan 030031)

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院果树研究所/果树种质创制和利用山西省重点实验室

出　　处：《农学学报》2019年第12期17-22,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：现代苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验站(CARS-27);山西省青年科技研究基金项目“Y系苹果矮化中间砧对嫁接树枝条输导组织解剖结构的影响”(201601D0211);山西省农科院特色农业技术攻关“苹果砧木种质资源筛选与创制”(YGG17035);山西省科技厅产业链项目“苹果矮化砧木新品种选育”(2015-TN-03-02);山西省农业科学院院重点“Y-1矮砧富士标准化栽培关键技术研究”(YGG1640)

摘　　要：文章从插穗不定根发生的形态解剖学、插穗生根的生理生化基础和扦插生根的分子生物学研究3个方面对苹果扦插生根机理的研究进展进行了综述。目前已明确苹果不定根发生和发育的形态解剖学结构,认为苹果矮砧不存在潜伏根原始体,均为诱发根原始体类型。对影响生根的激素、酶、营养物质、水分及其他生理生化物质等进行了深入研究,认为插穗生根受多种因素影响,根原基的形成是其综合作用下形成动态平衡的结果,并在分子水平上对插穗不定根形成原因进行了初步揭示。相关研究结果对调控不定根的发生和发育具有重要意义,建议今后在分子水平上全面深入开展不定根形成机理的研究。Research on rooting mechanism of apple cutting is reviewed from morphological anatomy of adventitious root formation of cutting,physio-biochemical basis of cutting rooting and molecular biology of cutting rooting.At present,morphological anatomy structure of adventitious root formation in apple has been known that apple dwarf stock belongs to induced root primitive type,not hidden root primitive type.Hormones,enzymes,nutrients,water,and other physio-biochemical substances affecting rooting have been studied,it is thought that cutting rooting is affected by many factors,the formation of root primordium is the result of the dynamic equilibrium by the factors,and the reason of adventitious root formation in cutting is revealed preliminarily from molecular level.Relevant research results are of significance to regulate the formation and development of adventitious root,and it is necessary to carry out deep and comprehensive research on the formation mechanism of adventitious root from molecular level in the future.

关 键 词：苹果 苹果矮砧 扦插 不定根 形态解剖学 生理生化物质 分子生物学 

分 类 号：S66-3[农业科学—果树学]