果树硼营养元素研究进展  

Boron Nutrition in Fruit Trees: Research Progress

作　　者：廖光联 魏清江[1] 黄春辉[1] 钟敏[1] 姜志强 徐小彪[1] Liao Guanglian;Wei Qingjiang;Huang Chunhui;Zhong Min;Jiang Zhiqiang;Xu Xiaobiao(Kiwifruit Institute of Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学猕猴桃研究所

出　　处：《农学学报》2019年第12期28-32,共5页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“毛花猕猴桃雄株花期及花粉性状与SNP标记全基因组关联分析”(31760559),“毛花猕猴桃果实高糖形成机理及合成相关关键基因的功能型标记开发”(31760567);江西省科技厅重大科技专项“猕猴桃专用适配雄性品种（系）筛选及高效授粉技术研究与示范”(20161ACF60007)

摘　　要：为了解目前硼元素研究现状,为在果树生产上有针对性的使用硼元素提供参考意见及为其今后的研究提供理论依据,归纳了果树对硼元素的吸收、转运与分布特点,详叙了硼元素对细胞壁结构及细胞内酶活性等的生理功能、硼元素与其他微量元素的关系以及硼元素对果实品质的影响。认为硼元素的吸收与转运存在3种形式,且在作物体内硼以酸的形式存在,并通过与顺式二元醇缩合成酯行使生理功能;硼元素对维持植物细胞壁结构,调节细胞壁酶活性具有一定的影响,此外对果实产量、风味品质及贮藏性也具有一定影响;硼元素与磷元素、氮元素存在促进作用,与钙元素存在拮抗关系。指出硼元素今后研究重点,以期为硼元素研究与发展提供借鉴。To understand current research status of boron,and provide references for the targeted use of boron in fruit production,the authors summarize the absorption,transportation and distribution characteristics of boron in fruit trees.The physiological functions of boron on cell wall structure and intracellular enzyme activity,the relationship between boron and other trace elements,and the effects of boron on fruit quality are also described in detail.There are three forms of absorption and transportation of boron which exists in the form of acid in crops and performs physiological functions by condensing with cis-diol to synthesize ester.Boron has effects on the maintenance of plant cell wall structure and regulation of cell wall enzyme activity,as well as on fruit yield,flavor quality and storage.There is a mutual promotion between boron and phosphorus and nitrogen,while,an antagonistic relationship between boron and calcium.

关 键 词：果树 硼元素 生理功能 果实品质 转运机制 

分 类 号：S143.7[农业科学—肥料学]