2008—2018年汉中市新发麻风病病例流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of new leprosy cases in Hanzhong from 2008 to 2018

作　　者：李家兴[1] 夏小乐[1] 蔺兆星 卢美璇[1] 丁全明[1] LI Jia-xing;XIAXiao-le;LIN Zhao-xing;LU Mei-xuan;DING Quan-ming(Hanzhong Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hanzhong,Shaanxi 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省汉中市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2019年第5期49-52,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的了解2008-2018年陕西省汉中市麻风病流行特征,为今后制定防治措施提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,回顾分析2008-2018年汉中市麻风病疫情资料,描述和比较发现率、患病率、性别比与多菌型构成比、延迟期、畸残比等统计指标。结果2008-2018年汉中市新发现麻风病人82例、年平均发现率0.22/10万,病例主要集中在宁强县、勉县、洋县、城固县和西乡县,占全市新发病例总数的76.83%,农民为主要发病人群、占90.24%,各年度男性均多于女性,男女性之比波动在1.5∶1~4.0∶1,平均为2.7∶1,年龄分布在17~72岁,平均年龄(46.85±12.86)岁;多菌型(MB)所占比例平均为89.02%,各年度多菌型构成比均在70%以上。结论汉中市麻风病处于低流行水平,地域分布不均衡,农民为主要发病人群,中年男性高发;MB构成比高、传染性强;应加强麻风病的早期发现工作。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of new leprosy cases in Hanzhong city from 2008 to 2018,so as to provide basis for formulating prevention and control measures in the future.Methods The epidemiological data of leprosy in Hanzhong city from 2008 to 2018 were retrospectively analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods to describe and compare the statistical indicators including detection rate,prevalence rate,sex ratio,type ratio,delay period and disability ratio,et al.Results There were 82 new cases of leprosy found in Hanzhong city from2008 to 2018,with an average annual detection rate of 0.22/100000.The cases were mainly concentrated in 5 counties of Ningqiang,Mianxian,Yangxian,Chenggu and Xixiang,accounting for 76.83%of all the new cases in the city.Farmers were the dominant and accounted for 90.24%of the cases.The male cases was more than the female,and the ratio of the male to the female were from 1.5︰1 to 4.0︰1 with average ratio of 2.7︰1.The cases were at age from 17 to 72 years,with the mean age of(46.85±12.86)years.The proportion of multi-bacterium type(MB)was 89.02%on average,and more than 70%every year.Conclusions The epidemic of leprosy is at low level in Hanzhong city,with uneven geographical distribution.Farmer cases are the dominant.The incidence is high in the male at middle-age.The proportion of MB is high with strong infectivity.The early detection for leprosy should be strengthened.

关 键 词：麻风病 新发病例 流行特征 

分 类 号：R755[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]