2009—2018年张掖市手足口病流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhangye city from 2009 to 2018

作　　者：常源兴 袁伟鹏[1] 银万栋[1] 张娅秀 张晓萍[1] 王光华 CHANG Yuan-xing;YUAN Wei-peng;YIN Wan-dong;ZHANG Ya-xiu;ZHANG Xiao-ping;WANG Guang-hua(Zhangye Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhangye,Gansu 734000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省张掖市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《疾病预防控制通报》2019年第5期68-70,76,共4页Bulletin of Disease Control & Prevention(China)

摘　　要：目的探讨甘肃省张掖市手足口病发展动态和流行特征,为制定防治对策提供科学依据。方法收集2009-2018年张掖市手足口病资料,采用描述流行病学方法分析发病特征。结果2009-2018年甘肃张掖市共报告手足口病3175例,年均发病率为25.79/10万,基本呈隔年高发态势,2014年发病率最高(70.48/10万),2014年后呈下降趋势;每年5-7月为手足口病流行高峰期(49.42%),9-11月为次高峰(36.98%);高台县报告发病数最多((1177例))、年平均报告发病率为全市最高(79.13/10万),不同地区差异有统计学意义(χ^2=1978.14,P<0.05);男性发病高于女性,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=172.21,P<0.05);病例集中在5岁及以下、占90.01%,其中又以3岁~组最多;病原以其他肠道病毒最多、占55.00%,不同年度优势毒株交替。结论张掖市手足口病发病有明显的季节性,呈双峰分布;应强化预警预测和联防联控机制、加大手足口病知识的宣传力度和接种EV71疫苗等积极有效措施,减少手足口病发病。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and trend of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Zhangye city,Gansu province,so as to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies.Methods Data of HFMD in Zhangye city from 2009 to 2018 were collected and the epidemiological features were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological methods.Results There were 3175 cases of HFMD reported,with average annual incidence of25.79/lakh during 2009 to 2018.The epidemic trend showed increase trend every other year,with the highest incidence rate(70.48/lakh)in 2014 and decrease trend after 2014.The peak of HFMD epidemic was from May to July(49.42%)every year,and the second peak in September to November(36.98%).The number of cases was the most in Gaotai county(1177),with the highest average annual incidence(79.13/lakh)in the city.The difference in incidences was statistically significant(χ^2=1978.14,P<0.05)among different districts.The cases was higher in the male than in the female with statistical difference(χ^2=172.21,P<0.05).The cases mainly concentrated in the age group of 5 years and younger,accounting for 90.01%,and most of them were in the 3 year-old group.Other enteroviruses were the most,accounting for 55.00%in the etiological surveillance with the dominant strains alternated in different years.Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Zhangye city has obvious seasonality.Early warning,mechanism of joint prevention and control,publicity of HFMD knowledge and inoculation of vaccine EV71 should be taken for reducing the incidence rate of HFMD in Zhangye city.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行特征 病原学 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学] R181.81[医药卫生—临床医学]