上海超大城市公共服务承载水平的时空特征演变机制——基于状态空间法的案例分析  

Temporal—spatial Structure and Transformation Mechanism of Public Service Carrying Capacity in Mega City Shanghai Based on Analysis of State Space Method

作　　者：魏程瑞 王郁[1] Wei Chengrui;Wang Yu

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学

出　　处：《上海行政学院学报》2019年第6期52-62,共11页The Journal of Shanghai Administration Institute

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金一般项目“基于支撑约束协同效应的特大城市公共服务承载力提升路径研究”(14BGL161)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：基于P-S-R模型构建公共服务承载力评价指标体系,再运用状态空间法对上海市2005年-2016年间公共服务承载水平进行评价后发现:(1)上海各区公共服务承载水平具有显著的空间差异,形成了重度超载、轻度超载和满载的三类类型。(2)在核心区公共服务重度超载状况加剧恶化的同时,其他区超载的速度相对缓慢,与核心区之间的差距日趋明显。(3)上海城市公共服务的压力主要来自公共交通领域,而公共服务状态水平更多受到医疗卫生服务资源供给水平的影响。公共服务的响应水平则主要受到保障性住房、环保和公共交通领域财政支出水平的影响。(4)核心区重度超载的主要原因在于公共服务硬件设施和服务人员增长迟缓;其他区域除了状态、压力方面存在不同问题之外,财政投入不足的问题最为普遍。因此,应根据各区的不同问题和短板,针对性地加强公共服务人财物的投入,以期有效提升上海超大城市公共服务承载水平。Based on P-S-R model, this paper aims to set up index system for evaluating public service carrying capacity of Shanghai from 2005 to 2016. It finds that: 1) The level of public service carrying capacity is significantly different in each district, which can be clarified into three types of heavily overloading area, overloading area and full-loading area. 2)While the deterioration of the public ser-vice carrying level in the core area has intensified, the changing speed of carrying capacity in other areas is relatively slow, and the gap between the core areas and other area is becoming increasingly apparent. 3) The level of pressure mainly comes from growing demand of public transportation, when the main issue influencing status of service supply is resource shortage of medical and health services. Re-sponse of service supply is mainly affected by the level of fiscal expenditure for affordable housing, environmental protection and public transportation. 4) The main reason for the serious condition of core area is slow growth of public service facilities and service personnel;other areas have different problems in terms of status and pressure, but the problem of insufficient financial investment is common issue.Consequently, public investment of public service should be strengthened in a targeted manner in order to effectively improve the public service carrying capacity of megacities.

关 键 词：公共服务承载力 状态空间法 PSR模型 城市治理 

分 类 号：D669.3[政治法律—政治学]