桑椹肥大性菌核病菌(Ciboria shiraiana)分生孢子的形成和致病性（英文）  

Conidial formation and pathogenicity of Ciboria shiraiana

作　　者：吕蕊花[1,2] 朱攀攀 余茂德[1] 刘长英[1] 赵爱春[1] Ruihua Lü;Panpan Zhu;Maode Yu;Changying Liu;Aichun Zhao(State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400716,China;College of Medical Technology,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学家蚕基因组学国家重点实验室,重庆400716 [2]陕西中医药大学医学技术学院,陕西咸阳712046

出　　处：《微生物学报》2019年第12期2367-2377,共11页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：中国现代农业产业技术专项(CARS-18-ZJ0201);陕西中医药大学科学研究计划项目(2017PY01)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究桑椹肥大性菌核病菌分生孢子的生物学特性,诱导菌丝产生分生孢子的方法及产生途径,为桑椹肥大性菌核病的防治提供依据。【方法】显微镜下面观察病果形成不同阶段以及人工诱导产生的分生孢子形态特征;测定不同温度和湿度对菌丝产生分生孢子的影响;分别用病果和人工诱导产生的分生孢子悬浮液接种健康的桑椹,统计其发病率;以不同发病阶段的病椹在PDA、诱导培养基上产生的菌丝和菌核为材料,通过q PCR方法检测相关基因的表达水平,研究c AMP途径对于分生孢子形成的影响。【结果】C.shiraiana在温度为20℃–30℃,相对湿度为50%–80%条件下可以产生大量的分生孢子。人工诱导产生的分生孢子和病果中的分生孢子形态差异较大;病果中分生孢子悬浮液侵染健康的桑椹,其发病率为37%,而人工诱导产生的分生孢子对桑椹不具有侵染能力;分生孢子梗和分生孢子可在马铃薯片上被诱导产生;外源添加的c AMP影响菌丝的形态和分生孢子的形成,但不影响菌核的形成。AC含量在桑椹发病的第2阶段增长迅速,在发病的第3阶段和第4阶段迅速下降,PKA在发病的桑椹中始终没有表达。【结论】桑椹肥大性菌核病病果可通过分生孢子造成再次侵染。分生孢子的形成对c AMP途径中的AC和PKA表达量起负调控作用。研究结果能够进一步增加我们对病原菌侵染桑果所需外界环境条件的理解,同时也进一步完善了C.shiraiana的侵染循环和分生孢子形成途径。[Objective]To provide a basis for controlling hypertrophy sorosis scleroteniosis,the biological characteristics,the method to induce conidia through mycelia and production pathway of Ciboria shiraiana were studied.[Methods]We observed the morphological characters of conidia in diseased mulberry fruit and artificial culture under microscope.The effects of different temperature and humidity on conidial production by hyphae were determined;the healthy mulberry fruit was inoculated with the conidial suspension in diseased mulberry fruit and artificially induced,and the incidence rate was counted.Also,we used different pathogenic stages of diseased mulberry fruit,mycelium and sclerotium on the PDA medium or induction medium as materials,and the expression level of related genes was detected by q PCR method to reveal the effect of the c AMP pathway on conidial formation.[Results]C.shiraiana produced abundant conidia in artificial cultures at 20–30°C with 50%–80%relative humidity.The morphology of conidia produced by artificial induction was greatly different from that in diseased mulberry fruits.The conidia suspension in the diseased mulberry fruit infected healthy mulberry,the incidence rate was 37%,and the artificially induced conidia had no infectivity to mulberry.Conidiophores and conidia could be induced using potato slices as the artificial culture medium.Exogenously added c AMP affected the morphology of mycelium and the formation of conidial,but didn’t affect the formation of sclerotia.A q PCR analysis showed that the relative transcript levels of adenylate cyclase(AC)content increased rapidly in the second stage,decreased rapidly in the third and fourth stage,and PKA was not expressed in diseased mulberry fruit.[Conclusion]Diseased mulberry fruits of hypertrophy sorosis scleroteniosis can be re-infected by conidia.Conidia formation negatively regulates the expression of AC and PKA in the c AMP pathway.The results of this study can further enhance our understanding of the environmental conditions require

关 键 词：桑椹肥大性菌核病菌 桑椹肥大性菌核病 分生孢子的形成 病椹 

分 类 号：S43[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]