植物提取物和酸制剂替代抗生素对断奶仔猪健康的影响  

Effect of plant extracts and acid preparations as substitutes for antibiotics on the health of weaned piglets

作　　者：李宁[1,2] 穆淑琴 闫峻[1,2] 郑梓 马墉[1,2] 刘仲昊 王文杰[1,2] 李千军 LI Ning;MU Shu-qin;YAN Jun

机构地区：[1]天津市畜牧兽医研究所,天津300381 [2]天津市畜禽健康养殖技术工程中心,天津300381

出　　处：《饲料研究》2019年第11期22-26,共5页Feed Research

基　　金：天津市生猪产业技术创新团队项目(项目编号：ITTPRS2017005)

摘　　要：研究旨在探讨饲粮中添加黄芪蒲公英提取物、丁酸钠替代抗生素对仔猪健康的影响。选用健康、28日龄、体重(8.5±1.0)kg断奶仔猪,公、母各100头,试验共5个组,每组40头仔猪,每组各5重复,每重复8头猪。对照组饲喂常规玉米-豆粕型饲粮,试验Ⅰ组为抗生素组(添加金霉素75 g/t,土霉素钙60 g/t),试验Ⅱ组为植物提取物组(添加黄芪和蒲公英粗提物300 g/t),试验Ⅲ组为丁酸钠组(添加丁酸钠1000 g/t),试验Ⅳ组为组合组(添加黄芪蒲公英粗提物300 g/t+丁酸钠1000 g/t),预试期5 d,正式试验期31 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,试验Ⅳ组仔猪体重显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组日均采食量均显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。试验组的腹泻率和咳喘率均低于对照组。试验Ⅲ组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组总蛋白(TP)显著低于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);相比试验Ⅰ组,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组球蛋白活性(GLB)显著升高(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,试验Ⅲ组的IL-4水平显著增加(P<0.05);血清试验中,试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组TNF-α水平显著高于试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);试验Ⅳ组的IFN-γ活性显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加300 g/t黄芪蒲公英提取物和1000 g/t丁酸钠能够增强仔猪抗氧化能力,提高机体免疫力,降低仔猪腹泻和咳喘发生率,提高仔猪生长性能。The study was conducted to elucidate the effect of Astragalus membranaceus,dandelion extract and sodium butyrate replacing antibiotics on piglets.Two hundred piglets were randomized into five groups,each group had five replicate and each replicate had eight piglets.The control group was fed with basal diet,treatment group Ⅰ added olaquindox 100 g/t,aureomycin 75 g/t,oxytetracycline calcium 60 g/t in the basal diet,group Ⅱ added Astragalus membranaceus and dandelion extract 300 g/t in the basal diet,group Ⅲ added sodium butyrate 1000 g/t in the basal diet,group Ⅳ added Astragalus membranaceus and dandelion extract 300 g/t+sodium butyrate 1000 g/t in the basal diet for 31 days.The results showed that:compared with the control group,the final weight of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than control group and groupⅠ,ADFI of group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ and groupⅣwere significantly higher than control group and groupⅠ.diarrhea rate and asthma rate of treatment groups were lower than that of control group.ALT and AST of groupⅢwere significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05);TP of groupⅡwas significantly lower than that of control group and groupⅠ(P<0.05);GLB of group Ⅱ and groupⅢwas significantly higher than group Ⅰ(P<0.05).IL-4 of group Ⅲ was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05);TNF-αof group Ⅱ,group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ was significantly higher than groupⅠ(P<0.05);IFN-γ of group Ⅳ was significantly higher than control group and groupⅠ(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding 300 g/t Astragalus membranaceus,dandelion extract and 1000 g/t sodium butyrate in diets can enhance blood antioxidant and immune ability,decrease diarrhea rate and asthma rate and significantly improve the growth performance of piglets.

关 键 词：黄芪蒲公英提取物 丁酸钠 仔猪 抗生素 生长性能 血清 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]