智能合约技术下电动汽车入网竞价机制研究  

Research on Electric Vehicles Participating in Bidding Mechanism of Power Grid Based on Smart Contract Technology

作　　者：刘维扬 王冰[1] 王敏[1] 陈桂儒 LIU Weiyang;WANG Bing;WANG Min;CHEN Guiru(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院

出　　处：《电网技术》2019年第12期4344-4352,共9页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51777058)~~

摘　　要：为促进售电侧开放背景下电动汽车与电网的协调发展,提出一种区块链智能合约技术下的电动汽车入网竞价机制。通过整合区块链链上链下信息资源,基于不同电动汽车子群的运行特性,充分考虑不同子类用户与代理商之间多样的充放电需求与约束关系、代理商与电力调度中心在经济调度下购售电交易以及机组组合计划,分别以电动汽车用户购电成本最小与代理商收益最大、电力经济调度成本最小为目标,两两之间建立利益最优的智能合约模型,并结合粒子群和遗传算法的内外寻优关系求解智能合约模型,优化制定电动汽车充放电电价,实现电动汽车充放电资源的合理分配。算例分析表明,该竞价机制在实现电网负荷削峰填谷的同时,有效保障了用户、代理商和电力调度中心的利益,可为智能合约技术在电动汽车入网竞价的应用提供参考。To promote coordinated development of electric vehicles(EVs) and power grid under the background of open power selling, a bidding mechanism for EVs participating in the grid under blockchain smart contract technology was proposed. By integrating information resources on and off the blockchain, according to the driving characteristics of different EV subgroups, various charging-discharging demands and constraints were fully considered between different EV user subgroups and agents, as well as the purchase and sale transaction relationship and unit commitment plan between EV agent and power dispatch center under economic dispatch. Aiming at the lowest purchase cost of EV users, the highest profit of EV agent and the lowest cost of power economic dispatch, smart contract models with optimal benefit were established between two parties respectively. The smart contract models were solved by combining the internal and external optimization relationship of particle swarm and genetic algorithm. The charging-discharging price of EVs are optimized to realize the reasonable allocation of charging-discharging resources of EVs. Example analysis shows that this bidding mechanism can effectively protect the benefits of EV users, agent and power dispatch center while achieving load peak-shifting and valley-filling for power grid. This result can provide reference for application of smart contract technology in bidding of EVs participating in power grid.

关 键 词：电动汽车 区块链 智能合约 集群分类 竞价机制 机组组合 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]