外泌体调控寄生虫感染与免疫的研究进展  

Progressin research on and prospect for exosome regulation in parasitic infection and immunity

作　　者：赵熠群[1] 陈国 滑志民[1] 郑江平[1] ZHAO Yiqun;CHEN Guo;HUA Zhimin;ZHENG Jiangping(Shanghai Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry,Shanghai 201600,China)

机构地区：[1]上海农林职业技术学院

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2019年第12期125-129,共5页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：上海农林职业技术学院科研项目(KY1-0000-17-09)

摘　　要：外泌体(exosomes)是一类由多种细胞分泌的纳米级的膜性小囊泡,内含蛋白质、脂质、核酸等生物活性成分,其在物质与信息的传递中起着重要作用。现有研究已经证实,在寄生虫感染过程中寄生虫及其感染的宿主细胞均能分泌外泌体,其携带有来自分泌细胞的多种特异性蛋白和iRNA等,在寄生虫感染和免疫调控中发挥着重要作用。而且,这些外泌体特异性分子在循环系统中能稳定存在,使其有望成为寄生虫病诊断与治疗的新靶标。本文概述了寄生虫来源的外泌体的生物学特征,重点阐述了外泌体在寄生虫感染与免疫中的作用,展望了其在寄生虫病诊断与治疗中的应用前景。Exosomes are nano-sized membrane vesicles secreted by a variety of cells that contain proteins,lipids,nucleic acids and other bioactive components,and these vesicles play an important role in intercellular communications.Studies show that exosomes are secreted by both parasites and their infected host cells during parasitic infection which carry a variety of specific proteins and microRNAs from the secreting cells,and they have an important effect on parasitic infection and immune regulation.Moreover,these exosome-specific molecules can exist stably in the circulatory system,making them novel promising targets for diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases.In this paper,we outline the biological characteristics of exosomes from parasites and the role of the exosomes in parasite infection and immunity,look into the prospects for application of exosomes to diagnosis and treatment of parasitic diseases.

关 键 词：外泌体 寄生虫 感染 免疫 

分 类 号：S852.7[农业科学—基础兽医学]