甘肃省2018年病媒生物监测报告  

A vector surveillance report of Gansu province, China, 2018

作　　者：李治平[1] 吴照[1] 刘旭红[1] 吴宁 贾玉新[1] LI Zhi-ping;WU Zhao;LIU Xu-hong;WU Ning;JIA Yu-xin(Gansu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心消毒与病媒生物防制科

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2019年第6期639-642,共4页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX10103006)~~

摘　　要：目的了解甘肃省病媒生物种类构成,掌握其密度和季节消长规律,为该地区病媒生物防制工作提供科学依据。方法依照《全国病媒生物监测实施方案》,2018年在甘肃省病媒生物监测点对鼠、蚊、蝇及蜚蠊进行监测。鼠类监测采用夹(笼)夜法,成蚊监测采用诱蚊灯法,幼蚊监测采用勺捕法,蝇类监测采用笼诱法,蜚蠊监测采用粘捕法;运用Excel 2010软件对监测数据进行分析;用描述性流行病学方法分析监测数据。结果鼠类总捕获率为0.63%,小家鼠为优势鼠种,占捕获总数的72.31%,11月为高峰期;成蚊总密度为11.94只/(灯·夜),淡色库蚊为优势蚊种,占捕获总数的77.84%,幼蚊总阳性勺指数为7.79%,库蚊幼蚊占比最高为92.25%,成蚊及幼蚊密度高峰均在7月;蝇类总密度为2.78只/笼,蝇密度最高为7月,达5.69只/笼;蜚蠊总密度为0.47只/张,侵害率为8.71%,捕获的蜚蠊全部为德国小蠊,5月为其密度高峰期。结论小家鼠依然为甘肃省鼠类优势种;蚊类优势种以淡色库蚊为主,但三带喙库蚊构成比较2017年度有大幅升高,应加强流行性乙型脑炎的防控工作;蝇类密度高峰期为7月;蜚蠊密度和侵害率较2017年度有所降低,依然全部为德国小蠊。Objective To investigate the species composition, density, and seasonal variation of vectors in Gansu province,China, and to provide a scientific basis for vector prevention and control in this area. Methods According to the National Vector Surveillance Implementation Plan, the rodents, mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches were monitored at the vector surveillance sites in Gansu province in 2018. The trap-at-night/night-cage method, lamp trapping method, spoon method,cage trapping method and sticky trap method were used to survey rodents, adult mosquitoes, larval mosquitoes, flies and cockroaches, respectively. Excel 2010 software was used to analyze the surveillance data. Results The overall capture rate of rodents was 0.63%;Mus musculus was the dominant species, accounting for 72.31% of the total;the peak period was November. The overall density of adult mosquitoes was 11.94 mosquitoes/lamp · night;Culex pipiens pallens was the dominant species, accounting for 77.84% of the total. The positive dip index of larval mosquitoes was 7.79%, with the highest ratio(92.25%) observed in the larvae of Culex;the peak density was in July for both adult and larval mosquitoes.The overall density of flies was 2.78 flies/cage;the peak density(5.69 flies/cage) was in July. The overall density of cockroaches was 0.47 cockroach/cage, with an infestation rate of 8.71%. All the cockroaches captured were Blattella germanica, with their peak density in May. Conclusion Mus musculus was still the dominant rodent species in Gansu province. The dominant mosquito species was mainly Cx. pipiens pallens, but the constituent ratio of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus has significantly increased compared with that of the previous year. The peak density of flies was observed in July. The density and infestation rate of cockroaches have decreased to some degree as compared with those of the previous year;all the cockroaches captured were still German cockroaches. Prevention and control measures against Japanese encephalitis should be strengthened.

关 键 词：病媒生物 密度 监测 

分 类 号：R384[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]