全球影响力分析框架下中国和安哥拉的能源关系研究  

Study on Energy Relations between China and Angola under Analysis Framework of Global Influence

作　　者：刘明德[1] 杨舒雯 Liu Mingde;Yang Shuwen(School of Public Administration,Sichuan University,Chengdu Sichuan 610065)

机构地区：[1]四川大学公共管理学院

出　　处：《中外能源》2019年第11期1-9,共9页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：安哥拉拥有丰富的油气资源,但缺乏技术和资金,中安两国在能源合作上具有很强的互补性,双方一直保持着十分稳定的石油贸易关系,开创的"安哥拉模式"已成为中安合作的重要方式。但是中安合作仍然面临着诸多阻碍,在多国博弈的政治舞台中存在着强有力的竞争对手。美国随着自身石油实力的增强,积极谋求在世界石油格局中的主导权,不会对中安之间的合作坐视不理,将通过各种手段对中安合作施压甚至是阻挠。安哥拉曾经是葡萄牙的殖民地,两国的能源合作还会继续深入,由此中葡两国在与安哥拉的合作上形成竞争关系。中国和印度在能源领域的竞争不可避免,这会在一定程度上阻碍中安的能源合作。南非具有先天的地缘优势,且自身石油缺口非常大,从安哥拉进口更多石油是南非能源发展的趋势。此外,安哥拉国内政治环境不稳定、劳工雇佣不合理、语言交流障碍等因素也会阻碍中安合作的更进一步发展。安哥拉经济发展高度依赖石油出口,中安合作应超越石油,中资企业可以大胆尝试向农牧业等产业发展,以确保中安关系的稳定和可持续发展。同时要抓住机遇,充分利用优惠政策和重点项目,建立风险预警机制,提高风险管理和控制能力,加强中安文化交流,努力促成双方多领域、深层次的合作。Angola has abundant oil and gas resources,but lacks technology and capital.China and Angola are highly complementary in energy cooperation.The two countries have maintained a very stable oil trade rela-tionship,and the Angola Model created has become an important way of China-Angola cooperation.However,the China-Angola cooperation still faces many obstacles,and there are some strong competitors in the political arena of multinational games.With the enhancement of its oil strength,the United States has actively sought dominance in the world oil pattern,so it will not ignore the cooperation between China and Angola and will pressure or even obstruct China-Angola cooperation through all means.Angola used to be a Por-tuguese colony,and the energy cooperation between the two countries will continue to deepen,so there is competition between China and Portugal in the cooperation with Angola.China and India are inevitably com-peting in the energy sector,and this will hinder China-Angola energy cooperation to some extent.South Africa has natural geographical advantages,and its oil demand and supply gap is very large.Importing more oil from Angola is the trend of energy development in South Africa.In addition,factors such as the unstable political environment in Angola,the unreasonable employment of workers and the language barriers will also hinder the further development of China-Angola cooperation.The economic development in Angola is highly dependent on oil exports.China-Angola cooperation should not be limited to oils.Chinese enterprises can boldly attempt to extend the cooperation scope to industries such as agriculture and animal husbandry to ensure the stability and sustainable development of China-Angola relations.At the same time,Chinese enterprises should seize the opportunities,make full use of the preferential policies and key projects,establish a risk early warning mechanism,improve the risk management and control capabilities,strengthen the cultural exchange between China and Angola,and strive to promote the

关 键 词：能源合作 互补性 安哥拉模式 石油贸易 国际竞争 风险管控 

分 类 号：F42[经济管理—产业经济]