白云鄂博中贫氧化堆置矿与条带状矿石的稀土可选性差异  

Differences in rare earth selectivity between medium grade oxidized heap ores and banded ores in Bayan Obo

作　　者：高凯[1,2] 李梅[1,2] 马林林[2,3] 段海军[2,4] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100029 [2]内蒙古自治区轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室,内蒙古包头014010 [3]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083 [4]内蒙古大学化学化工学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2019年第12期25-28,32,共5页Industrial Minerals & Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51564042,51634005);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金重大项目(2016ZD05,2014ZD04)

摘　　要：从矿石可磨度及浮选过程的矿物组成、粒度、解离度变化规律等方面研究比较了白云鄂博中贫氧化堆置矿与条带状矿石的稀土可选性差异。矿石可磨度试验结果表明:当磨矿细度达到-0.074mm质量分数高于95%时,白云鄂博中贫氧化堆置矿的磨矿时间更长。基于SEM-EDS、自动矿物分析技术测得的稀土浮选流程样品矿物组成、粒度及解离特征表明:磷灰石、重晶石、萤石与稀土矿物难分离是两种矿石的共性特征,但赤铁矿与稀土难分离是中贫氧化堆置矿的特征;相同磨矿制度下,中贫氧化堆置矿中稀土矿物-0.010mm粒级产率接近30%,而条带状矿石不足10%,-0.010mm稀土矿粒可浮性低是中贫氧化矿难选的主要原因;长期的风化、氧化作用,导致中贫氧化矿无分选效果矿泥量增加,其主要矿物为硅酸盐矿物、赤铁矿,二者占85%左右。The differences in rare earth selectivity between the medium grade oxidized heap ores and banded ore in Bayan Obo were studied in terms of mineral composition,grain size andvariation law of dissociation degree,and so on in the ore grindability and flotation process.The ore grindability test showed that when the grinding grain size reaches-200 mesh >95%,the grinding time of the medium grade oxide heap ores in Bayan Obo is longer.Based on SEM-EDS and automatic mineral analysis technology,the study of mineral composition,particle size and dissociation characteristics of rare earth flotation process showed that the separation of apatite,barite,fluorite and rare earth minerals is a common feature of two ores,but the difficulty in separation of hematite and rare earth is the characteristic of medium grade oxidized heap ores deposit.Under the same grinding system,the rare earth mineral in the medium grade oxidized heap ores deposit has agrain size yield of nearly 30%,and the banded ore is less than10%.The particle of-0.010 mm of rare earth ore is the main reason for the refractory selection of medium grade oxidized heap ores and long-term weathering and oxidation lead to an increase in the amount of mud in the medium grade oxidized ores.The main minerals are is silicate and hematite,which account for about 85%.

关 键 词：白云鄂博 稀土矿 中贫氧化堆置矿 条带状矿石 工艺矿物学 可选性差异 

分 类 号：TD955[矿业工程—选矿]