我国室内灰尘四溴双酚A及其类似物的污染特征及暴露评估  被引量:6

Occurrence of and human exposure to TBBPA and its derivatives in indoor dust in China

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作  者:贾嘉宝 朱青青 刘娜 廖春阳 江桂斌 Jiabao Jia;Qingqing Zhu;Na Liu;Chunyang Liao;Guibin Jiang(College of Life Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区:[1]山西大学生命科学学院 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室

出  处:《科学通报》2019年第33期3467-3477,共11页Chinese Science Bulletin

基  金:国家自然科学基金(21677167,21806172);中央组织部“青年千人”计划资助

摘  要:室内灰尘是人们暴露污染物的潜在来源之一.四溴双酚A(tetrabromobisphenol A, TBBPA)、四溴双酚S(tetrabromobisphenol S, TBBPS)和四氯双酚A(tetrachlorobisphenol A, TCBPA)作为阻燃剂被大量应用于日常用品.尤其是TBBPA,已被广泛使用并导致在多种环境介质及人体中检出.本研究检测了中国25个省和直辖市共计94个室内灰尘样品中TBBPA, TBBPS和TCBPA的含量, TBBPA为主要检出物质(对总浓度贡献率:≥88.3%),其浓度范围在未检出(nd)~1840 ng/g之间,平均值为43.3 ng/g.在我国华东地区采集的室内灰尘中, 3种目标化合物总浓度的平均值最高(178 ng/g),其范围为6.84~1850 ng/g.进一步评估了人体通过直接摄入、呼吸和皮肤接触室内灰尘引起的TBBPA, TBBPS和TCBPA的每日暴露量,发现直接摄入是暴露的主要途径.儿童通过直接摄入灰尘的∑3TBBPAs(TBBPA, TBBPS和TCBPA浓度的总和)日暴露量为3300 pg (kg bw)^-1d^-1,是成人日暴露量(422 pg (kg bw)^-1d^-1)的7~8倍.本研究为进一步了解常用溴代阻燃剂TBBPA及其类似物在我国室内环境的污染状况以及如何针对这些污染采取管控措施提供了数据支持.Indoor dust is one of the potential sources of human exposure to pollutants. As a class of brominated flame retardants,tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBPA), tetrabromobisphenol S(TBBPS) and tetrachlorobisphenol A(TCBPA) are widely used in consumer products. TBBPA is the most widely used brominated flame retardant, and has been detected in various environment matrices and human samples. Toxicological and epidemiological studies have shown that TBBPA, TBBPS and TCBPA are associated with potential endocrine disrupting effects, which can cause adverse effects on humans and animals. Although many studies have reported the occurrence of TBBPA in indoor dust, the nationwide survey on the levels and distribution profile of TBBPA, TBBPS and TCBPA in indoor dust in China is still limited. In addition, studies mostly focused on TBBPA in recent years, little was known about the occurrence of TBBPS and TCBPA in the indoor environment. Therefore, comprehensive investigation of TBBPAs in indoor dust is required.In this study, 94 indoor dust samples collected from 23 provinces and 2 municipalities in China, were analyzed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS) for TBBPA, TBBPS and TCBPA.TBBPA was the predominant among the three analogues(contribution to the total concentrations: ≥88.3%), with a concentration range of not detected(nd)~1840 ng/g(mean: 43.3 ng/g). The highest total concentration of TBBPAs(∑3 TBBPAs;sum of TBBPA, TBBPS and TCBPA) was found in dusts from Eastern China, ranging from 6.84 to 1850(mean: 178 ng/g). Based on the concentrations measured, human daily intakes of TBBPA, TBBPS and TCBPA through ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation of dust were estimated. Ingestion was the major pathway of human exposure to TBBPAs from dust. The estimated daily intake of ∑3 TBBPAs through dust ingestion was 3300 pg(kg bw)^-1 d^-1 for children, which was 7–8 times higher than that for adults(422 pg(kg bw)^-1 d^-1). Children are at a higher risk of being exposed to TBBPAs than adults, wh

关 键 词:四溴双酚A 四溴双酚S 室内灰尘 污染特征 人体暴露 

分 类 号:TQ3[化学工程]

 

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