英国19世纪末期文学中的天主教议题——从于斯曼到叶芝  

Catholic Issues in British Literature of the Late 19th Century——From Huysmans to Yeats

作　　者：张静波[1] ZHANG Jing-bo(College of Foreign Languages,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学外国语学院

出　　处：《海南师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2019年第6期107-116,共10页Journal of Hainan Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：中国国家留学基金资助;2014年国家社科基金项目“维多利亚时期的英国文学与基督教传统研究”(项目编号:14BWW044)阶段性成果

摘　　要：英国自16世纪确立国教之后,一直努力消除天主教的影响。而在19世纪末,英国长期反对天主教的传统,酝酿了作家们的怀疑主义,于斯曼和王尔德重新皈依天主教,激发起文学界重新思考天主教教义的内涵。此时期的诸多作家在天主教中找寻到了灵感和智慧:菲尔德的诗歌深受天主教"三位一体"影响;王尔德和梅内尔的作品中,在物质世界中重新审视宗教,重点描述天主教圣礼,将天主教仪式和美学重新联系。20世纪初期,英国最伟大的诗人叶芝吸收了神秘主义和天主教神话,作为诗歌意象的源泉。19世纪末期英国作家对于天主教的关注和思考,彰显出天主教议题在英国文学中的多重体现,反映出作家们从经典教义中找寻神学源泉和启示的回归。Since the establishment of the Church of Britain in the 16th century,Britain has been trying to eliminate the influence of Catholicism.In the late 19th century,the long-standing anti-Catholic tradition in Britain ushered in writers’skepticism,while the conversion of J.K.Huysmans and Oscar Wilde to Catholicism prompted the reconsideration on the connotation of Catholicism doctrines in the literary circles.Many writers of that period found inspiration and wisdom in Catholicism,that is,Fielder’s poetry was deeply influenced by the"Trinity"of Catholicism whereas in Wilde’s and Meynell’s works religion was re-examined in the material world,focusing on Catholic sacraments and reconnecting Catholic rituals with aesthetics.In the early 20th century,Yeats,the greatest poet of the UK,drew on mysticism and Catholic mythology as sources of poetic imagery.In the late 19th century,British writers’concern with and reflections on Catholicism highlighted the multiple manifestations of Catholic issues in British literature and mirrored the return of writers to search for theological sources and inspirations from classical doctrines.

关 键 词：英国文学 天主教 于斯曼 叶芝 

分 类 号：I106.99[文学—世界文学]