大兴安岭天然落叶松林不同演替阶段土壤性质对生态功能的影响  

Effects of Soil Properties on Ecological Functions in Different Succession Stages of Natural Larix gmelinii Forest in Daxing’an Mountains

作　　者：韩敏 董希斌 管惠文 张期奇 Han Min;Dong Xibin;Guan Huiwen;Zhang Qiqi(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]森林持续经营与环境微生物工程黑龙江省重点实验室(东北林业大学)

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2019年第12期50-54,89,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504103)

摘　　要：以大兴安岭地区新林林业局翠岗林场的不同演替阶段天然落叶松林样地(幼龄林、中龄林、近成熟林、成熟林)为对象,采用灰色关联法分析表层土壤性质对生态指标的影响。结果表明:全钾、全氮、速效钾、水解氮等指标表现出成熟林质量分数最高,其中幼龄林和中龄林的全氮质量分数差异性不显著,同时,近成熟林和成熟林的全磷质量分数差异性也不显著,全钾、速效钾等指标各个演替阶段差异性都很显著,土壤密度表现为幼龄林最小,成熟林最大,说明幼龄林的土壤疏松度最好;土壤涵养方面毛管孔隙度与土壤持水量变化一致,表现为成熟林最好,更有利于水土保持,说明成熟林的土壤肥力最好。大兴安岭不同演替阶段天然落叶松林的土壤理化性质质量综合得分由小到大为幼龄林、中龄林、近成熟林、成熟林,说明随着演替的进行,土壤肥力逐渐增加,其研究结果为进一步实现大兴安岭地区森林可持续经营提供了科学依据。We discussed the change law of soil properties in different succession stages of natural Larix gmelinii forests in Daxing’an Mountains,and studied the changes of ecological functions in the succession process of natural L.gmelinii forests.Grey correlation method was used to analyze the effects of surface soil properties on ecological indicators in different succession stages of natural L.gmelinii forest sample plots(young,middle-aged,near-mature and mature forests)in Cuigang Forest Farm of Xinlin Forestry Bureau,Daxing’an Mountains.The contents of total potassium,total nitrogen,available potassium and hydrolyzed nitrogen were the highest in mature forest,and the differences of total nitrogen between young and middle-aged forest were not significant.At the same time,the differences of total phosphorus content between near-mature forest and mature forest were not significant,and the differences of total potassium and available potassium were very significant in each succession stage.Significantly,it shows that the soil fertility of mature forest is the best;the soil bulk density is the smallest in young forest and the largest in mature forest,indicating that the soil porosity of young forest is the best;the change of capillary porosity and soil water holding capacity in soil conservation is consistent,showing that mature forest is the best,which is more conducive to soil and water conservation.The comprehensive score of soil physical and chemical properties of natural L.gmelinii forests in different succession stages in Daxing’an Mountains is in the descending order of young forest,middle-aged forest,near-mature forest and mature forest.This indicates that soil fertility increases gradually with succession.The results is useful for sustainable forest management in Daxing’an Mountains area.

关 键 词：天然落叶松 土壤理化性质 森林土壤 灰色关联法 生态功能 综合评价 

分 类 号：S714.2[农业科学—林学] S718.54