野生与养殖花羔红点鲑肌肉营养成分比较  

Comparison and Analysis of Nutrient Composition of Muscles of Wild and Cultured Dolly Varden Charr (Salvelinus malma)

作　　者：尹智博 郝锡联[1] 黎明[2] 王日昕[2] Yin Zhibo;Hao Xilian;Li Ming;Wang Rixin(Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,P.R.China;Ningbo University)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学,吉林省四平市136000 [2]宁波大学

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2019年第12期100-103,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31872541; 31872222)

摘　　要：利用常规生理生化分析方法,对野生和养殖花羔红点鲑肌肉的常规营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成、重金属质量分数进行了测定。结果表明:与养殖花羔红点鲑相比,野生花羔红点鲑肌肉中的含水率低,粗蛋白、粗脂肪质量分数高。两者的氨基酸组成基本相同,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数野生花羔红点鲑更高。野生花羔红点鲑肌肉中几种重要的不饱和脂肪酸,二十碳五烯酸、花生四烯酸、油酸更丰富,且生长必需微量元素铁、锰质量分数更多;但是,由于近年来鸭绿江自然水系重金属污染日趋严重,野生花羔红点鲑肌肉中污染物镉、锌质量分数更高。养殖花羔红点鲑肌肉的各项营养成分均低于野生花羔红点鲑,养殖方法和使用的配合饲料有改进的必要;但在食品安全方面,养殖花羔红点鲑肌肉中重金属污染物更少,食用更安全。Using conventional physiological and biochemical analysis methods,the conventional nutritional composition,amino acid composition,fatty acid composition,and heavy metals mass fraction in muscle of wild and cultured Dolly Varden Charr(Salvelinus malma)were determined.Compared with cultured Dolly Varden Charr,the moisture content in muscle of wild Dolly Varden Charr was lower,and the contents of crude protein and crude fat were higher.The amino acid composition of the two was basically the same,and the mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids in wild Dolly Varden Charr was higher.The several important unsaturated fatty acids,EPA,arachidonic acid and oleic acid were more abundant in the muscle of wild Dolly Varden Charr,and the comments of Fe and Mn,essential trace elements,were more.However,the pollution of heavy metals in the natural water system of the Yalu River is getting worse,and the contents of Cd and Zn in muscle of wild Dolly Varden Charr are higher.All nutritional components of cultured Dolly Varden Charr are lower than those of wild Dolly Varden Charr.It is necessary to improve the cultivation method and the used compound feed.However,in terms of food security,the heavy metal pollution was less in cultured Dolly Varden Charr with safer eating.

关 键 词：花羔红点鲑 肌肉 氨基酸 脂肪酸 重金属 

分 类 号：S965.232[农业科学—水产养殖]