地埋滴灌对玉米耗水及水分生产率的影响  

Effects of Subsurface Drip Irrigation on Water Consumption and Water Productivity of Corn

作　　者：李鹤[1] 刘新潮 贾琼 郝焕然 LI He;LIU Xin-chao;JIA Qiong;HAO Huan-ran(Tongliao Water Conservancy Technology Promotion Station,Tongliao 028000,Inner Mongolia,China;Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Design Institute,Hohhot 010020)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区通辽市水利技术推广站,内蒙古通辽028000 [2]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [3]内蒙古水利水电勘测设计院,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2019年第12期48-52,57,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：内蒙古水利厅科技推广项目(NSK2015-T1)

摘　　要：为合理制定玉米地埋滴灌灌溉制度,通过田间试验研究不同滴灌带埋深,不同滴头流量对玉米生长的影响,得出以下结论:在苗期-拔节D1(25 cm)埋深处理株高高于D2(35 cm)15%^30%,到了抽雄期以后D1略大于D2但各处理间无显著差异(p<0.05);玉米株高Q2(1.38 L/h)>Q1(1.05 L/h)>Q3(1.90 L/h),Q2流量下的湿润体最适合玉米生长发育;D2(35 cm)埋深各处理叶面积指数低于D1(25 cm)埋深各处理4%~15%,滴灌带埋设较深时对叶片发育的影响作用大于滴头流量。D1处理生育期耗水量较D2处理高21.9 mm,Q2处理生育期耗水量最小为366.19 mm,滴头流量对玉米耗水影响较小。D1Q2处理产量最高,水分利用效率最大。通辽玉米地埋滴灌建议滴头流量1.38 L/h,埋设深度为25 cm,推荐灌溉制度为全生育期灌水7次,灌溉定额175 mm。In order to establish a reasonable drip irrigation schedule for corn,field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different buried depths of drip irrigation zones and different drip flow rates on the growth of corn.The results show that the plant height of D1(the buried depth is 25 cm)is higher than that of D2(the buried depth is 35 cm)by 15%to 30%in seedling stage and jointing stage,while after tasseling stage,the plant height D1 is slightly higher than that of D2,but there is no significant difference between all the treatments(p<0.05);the plant height of Q2(the dripper discharge is 1.38 L/h)is higher than that of Q1(the dripper discharge is 1.05 L/h)and followed by that of Q3(the dripper discharge is 1.90 L/h)in the same depth,and the wetting body in Q2 is the most suitable for maize growth;the leaf area index of D2 is lower than that of D1 by 4%to 15%;the effect of buried depth on leaf growth is greater than that of dripper discharge;the water consumption of D1 treatment is 21.9 mm higher than that of D2 treatment,and the minimum water consumption of Q2 treatment is 366.19 mm;the drip flow has little influence on the water consumption of maize;the D1 Q2 treatment has the highest yield and the highest WUE.It is recommended that the drip flow of corn in Tongliao should be 1.38 L/h and the buried depth should be 25 cm,the irrigation schedule should be 7 times for the whole growth period with an irrigation quota of 175 mm.

关 键 词：地埋滴灌 玉米 滴头流量 耗水量 产量 灌溉制度 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]