氮化硅陶瓷磨削热特性与表面成形机制  

Grinding Thermal Characteristics and Surface Forming Mechanism of Silicon Nitride Ceramics

作　　者：吴玉厚[1] 王浩 李颂华[1,2] 孙健[2] 王贺[1] WU Yu-hou;WANG Hao;LI Song-hua;SUN Jian;WANG He(National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of NC Machining Equipment and Technology of High-Grade Stone,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学高档石材数控加工装备与技术国家地方联合工程实验室,沈阳110168 [2]沈阳建筑大学机械工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《表面技术》2019年第12期360-368,共9页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675353);沈阳市“双百工程”计划(Z18-5-023);辽宁省百千万人才工程资助计划(2018921009);沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划(SYSCXRC2017005);辽宁省自然科学基金(2019-ZD-0666)~~

摘　　要：目的探究氮化硅陶瓷磨削热特性与热特性对表面成形的影响。方法首先,通过反求法得出传入工件、磨屑与砂轮的热量分配比公式;其次,使用K型热电偶和测力仪得到磨削参数与磨削区温度和热量分配比的关系;最后,通过对磨削表面形貌和粗糙度的检测寻找出最优磨削质量时的温度范围。结果砂轮线速度由25 m/s增加到50 m/s时,磨削温度由256℃增加到819℃,传入砂轮、工件与磨屑的热量分配比分别由82.4%减小到64.4%、12.1%增加到24.3%、5.5%增加到11.3%。磨削深度由5μm增加至30μm时,磨削温度由289℃增加到869℃,传入砂轮、工件与磨屑的热量分配比分别由76.1%减小到53.9%、17.3%增加到30.3%、6.6%增加到15.8%。工件进给速度由2000 mm/min增加到7000 mm/min时,磨削温度由772℃减小到513℃,传入砂轮、工件与磨屑的热量分配比分别由71.1%增加到78.3%、21.1%减小到11.7%、5.8%增大至10.1%。随着磨削温度由256℃增加到869℃时,表面粗糙度先由0.2708μm减小到0.2472μm,后增加至0.3182μm。采用定速比磨削可使磨削温度降低25~127℃,减少传入工件的热量分配比。结论适当的高温有利于表面塑性变形的形成,表面质量提高,但温度过高时会形成热裂纹,温度在489~662℃之间,表面质量最好。在提高砂轮线速度的同时,可适当增加进给速度,以达到降低磨削温度,减少传入工件热量与增加磨削效率的目的。The work aims to investigate the effect of grinding thermal and thermal properties of silicon nitride ceramics on surface formation.Firstly,the heat distribution ratio formula of the incoming workpiece,grinding chip and grinding wheel were obtained by the inverse method.Secondly,the relationship between grinding parameters and grinding temperature and heat distribution ratio were obtained by K-type thermocouple and dynamometer.Finally,the temperature range of the optimal grinding quality was found through the detection of grinding surface morphology and roughness.The results showed that when the grinding wheel speed was increased from 25 m/s to 50 m/s,the grinding temperature was increased from 256℃to 819℃and the heat distribution ratio of the incoming grinding wheel,workpiece and grinding chip were changed from 82.4%to 64.4%,12.1%to 24.3%and 5.5%to 11.3%.When the grinding depth was increased from 5μm to 30μm,the grinding temperature was increased from 289℃ to 869℃ and the heat distribution ratio of the incoming grinding wheel,workpiece and grinding chip were changed from 76.1% to 53.9%,17.3%to 30.3%and 6.6% to 15.8%.When the workpiece feed rate was increased from 2000 mm/min to 7000 mm/min,the grinding temperature was reduced from 772℃ to 513℃ and the heat distribution ratio of the incoming grinding wheel,workpiece and grinding chip were changed from 71.1% to 78.3%,21.1%to 11.7%and 5.8%to 10.1%.As the grinding temperature increased from 256℃ to 869℃,the surface roughness first decreased from 0.2708μm to 0.2472μm and then increased to 0.3182μm.Grinding with constant speed ratio could reduce the grinding temperature by 25~127℃,and decrease the heat distribution ratio of the incoming workpiece.Proper high temperature is beneficial to the formation of surface plastic deformation and the improvement of surface quality.However,too high temperature will form hot cracks.The surface quality is the best between 489~662℃.While the grinding wheel speed increases,the feed rate can be appropriately in

关 键 词：热量分配比 磨削温度 粗糙度 去除方式 裂纹 定速比 

分 类 号：TG580[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]