某款发动机拉缸故障的分析和优化  

Analysis and Optimal Design of the Scuffing of Engine Cylinder Bore

作　　者：黄灿银 胡祝昌 

机构地区：[1]湖南长丰动力有限责任公司,长沙410100 [2]上海柴油机股份有限公司,上海200438

出　　处：《内燃机与配件》2019年第24期156-157,共2页Internal Combustion Engine & Parts

摘　　要：拉缸故障是内燃机的重大质量问题,其原因在于气缸套与活塞环、活塞之间的油膜不够,从而导致润滑不够,直至发生干摩擦。本文针对某款量产发动机出现的拉缸问题进行了现场排查、缸孔直径测试和有限元CAE分析,并结合同类发动机的活塞结构和配缸间隙进行了对比论证。找出了拉缸故障的问题所在--活塞与缸体材料的热膨胀系数和比热容相差较大,配缸间隙过小,叠加冷却条件不足。基于分析结论,通过适当减小配缸间隙、加冷却喷嘴的措施,较圆满地解决了该拉缸故障问题。Scuffing of engine cylinder bore is serious qualityproblem. The reason is that there is not enough oil film between cylinder liner and piston ring and piston, which leads to insufficient lubrication until dry friction occurs. In this paper, the problem of the cylinder of a mass production engine is investigated, the test of cylinder hole diameter and the finite element CAE analysis are carried out, and the comparison between the piston structure and the cylinder gap of the same kind of engine is made. The problem of cylinder failure is found out--the thermal expansion coefficient and specific heat capacity of the piston and cylinder material are large, the gap between the cylinder is too small, and the superposition cooling condition is insufficient. Based on the analysis conclusion, the failure problem of the cylinder is solved satisfactorily by reducing the gap of the cylinder and adding cooling nozzle.

关 键 词：拉缸 润滑 干摩擦 CAE 间隙 

分 类 号：TK4[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]