考虑第三方损失的城市道路交通事故严重程度评价方法  

Assessment Method of Severity for Urban Road Traffic Accident Considering Loss of Third Parties

作　　者：曹弋[1] 李德高 杨忠振 CAO Yi;LI De-gao;YANG Zhong-zhen(School of Transportation Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,Liaoning,China;School of Maritime and Transportation,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学交通运输工程学院,辽宁大连116028 [2]宁波大学海运学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2019年第11期212-218,共7页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11702049);辽宁省“兴辽英才计划”项目(XLYC1807236);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(JDL2017028)

摘　　要：为了适应城市道路交通事故具有较少的伤亡人数、对周边交通运行状况影响较大等特点,对该类事故的严重程度进行评价方法研究。研究构建事故地点平均行车延误计算模型。基于社会劳动价值的计算,将事故伤亡人数换算为经济指标。利用单位时间劳动力价值,将由事故引发的其他车辆的行车延误损失时间换算为经济指标。将其与非必要燃油消耗一并计入事故第三方经济损失。借鉴现有交通事故等级划分标准,采用等价折算的方法,确定各评价指标的权重值。以哈尔滨市2007~2008年事故数据为例,计算其综合评价指标。依据综合评价指标的累积频率曲线,提出城市道路交通事故严重程度的等级界定阈值。以2017年6月发生于大连市高新园区的1起城市道路交通事故为例,分别采用现行分类标准和提出的评价方法评价其严重程度。研究表明:该评价方法综合考虑了事故伤亡人数、直接经济损失并包括非必要行车延误及燃油消耗的第三方经济损失,可以充分体现该类事故的特点,并能够合理划分其严重程度。In order to adapt to the characteristics of urban road traffic accidents,such as low number of casualties and large influence on the operating status of surrounding vehicles,a method to assess the severity for this kind of accident was studied.A calculation model of the average travelling delay at the accident location was constructed.Based on the calculation of value in terms of social labor,the number of casualties was converted into an economic index.Using the labor value per unit time,the time lost by other vehicles due to travelling delays caused by accidents was also converted into an economic index.This index and the non-essential fuel consumption were both included in the economic loss of third parties.Referring to the existing grading standard of traffic accidents,and using the equivalent conversion method,the weights of assessment indicators were determined.Taking the accident data of Harbin from 2007 to 2008 as an example,the comprehensive assessment index was calculated.According to the cumulative frequency curve of the comprehensive assessment index,the division threshold for the severity of urban road traffic accidents was proposed.For one case of urban road traffic accident that occurred in the High-tech Park of Dalian in June 2017,the severity was assessed according to both the existing grading standard and the proposed assessment method respectively.The results show that the number of casualties,direct economic loss,and economic loss of third parties,including the non-essential travelling delays and fuel consumption caused by the accident,were all considered by the proposed assessment method.This method not only reflects the characteristics of this kind of accident but also divides the severity level reasonably.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通事故 延误分析 评价方法 严重程度 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]