Relationship between ponding and topographic factors along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline in permafrost regions  

作　　者：MingTang Chai YanHu Mu GuoYu Li Wei Ma Fei Wang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730000,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

出　　处：《Research in Cold and Arid Regions》2019年第6期419-427,共9页寒旱区科学（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA2003020102);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41630636 and No. 41772325);the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M653797)

摘　　要：The original landform along the China Russia Crude Oil Pipeline(CRCOP,line 2)was disturbed during installation of pavement for the pipeline.Forest and vegetation coverage is dense,and runoff develops along the pipe.Since the opera tion of the CRCOP(line 2)began in 2018,ponding has appeared on both sides of the pipeline.If there is no drainage,ponding can hardly dissipate,due to the low permeability of the permafrost layer.With the supply of surface flow and the transportation of oil at positive temperatures,ponding promotes an increase in temperature and changes the boundary ther mal conditions of the pipeline.Meanwhile,when the ponding freezes and thaws,frost heave threatens operational safety of the pipeline.Furthermore,the ponding can affect the thermal condition of line 1.In this paper,the distribution of pond ing along the CRCOP was obtained by field investigation.The type and cause of ponding were summarized,and the catch ment and stream order were extracted by the Digital Elevation Model(DEM).According to the statistical results in attri butes for topographic factors,it is known that ponding along the pipeline is relative to elevation,slope,aspect,and the Topographic Wetness Index(TWI).Water easily accumulates at altitudes of 300450 m,slopes within 3°5°,aspect in the northeast or south,TWI within 1316,flow direction in north east south,and flow length within 90150 km.This paper proposes a theoretical basis for the cause and characteristics of ponding along the pipeline.The original landform along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline(CRCOP, line 2) was disturbed during installation of pavement for the pipeline. Forest and vegetation coverage is dense, and runoff develops along the pipe. Since the operation of the CRCOP(line 2) began in 2018, ponding has appeared on both sides of the pipeline. If there is no drainage,ponding can hardly dissipate, due to the low permeability of the permafrost layer. With the supply of surface flow and the transportation of oil at positive temperatures, ponding promotes an increase in temperature and changes the boundary thermal conditions of the pipeline. Meanwhile, when the ponding freezes and thaws, frost heave threatens operational safety of the pipeline. Furthermore, the ponding can affect the thermal condition of line 1. In this paper, the distribution of ponding along the CRCOP was obtained by field investigation. The type and cause of ponding were summarized, and the catchment and stream order were extracted by the Digital Elevation Model(DEM). According to the statistical results in attributes for topographic factors, it is known that ponding along the pipeline is relative to elevation, slope, aspect, and the Topographic Wetness Index(TWI). Water easily accumulates at altitudes of 300-450 m, slopes within 3°-5°, aspect in the northeast or south, TWI within 13-16, flow direction in north-east-south, and flow length within 90-150 km. This paper proposes a theoretical basis for the cause and characteristics of ponding along the pipeline.

关 键 词：PERMAFROST Digital Elevation Model(DEM) Topographic Wetness Index(TWI) PIPELINE PONDING 

分 类 号：P73[天文地球—海洋科学]