压水室布置凹槽对离心泵内部流动特性的影响  

Influence of grooves arrangement in volute casing on internal flow characteristics of centrifugal pump

作　　者：申正精 楚武利[1] SHEN Zhengjing;CHU Wuli(School of Power and Energy,Northwestern Ploytechnical University,Xi'an 710129,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学动力与能源学院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第12期37-42,共6页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51236006)

摘　　要：以离心泵为研究对象,基于被动控制技术对压水室结构进行改型,在试验验证的基础上采用数值计算方法对离心泵内流场进行了计算,分析不同工况下凹槽结构对离心泵性能及流场流动结构的影响.结果表明:凹槽结构的布置可以改善离心泵大流量工况下的性能,扩大离心泵的稳定工作范围;在设计工况下,凹槽结构的压水室可减少叶轮和压水室内的低压区和低速区面积,并不同程度提高叶片不同展向位置的压力值,特别是在70%〜100%叶高范围内,凹槽结构对叶片压力面进口附近的压力提升更为明显,对改善离心泵抗汽蚀性能有积极效果;在0.8Qd〜1.4Qd(设计流量)工况下,凹槽结构压水室隔舌处压力脉动幅值有明显降低,特别是在0.8Qd下,压力脉动周期性更好,脉动峰值降幅可达74.14%,凹槽的布置起到了吸收流体冲击能量和稳定压水室内部流动的作用.The flow field of the centrifugal pump was calculated by numerical calculation method based on the modification of the structure of the volute casing using passive flow control(PFC)technique.The influence of grooves on the pump performance and the internal flow of the computational domain under different operating conditions were analyzed.The results show that the proper groove structure can improve the pump performance under large flow conditions and expand the pump stability remarkably.Under the design condition,pump with grooved volute casing(GVC)can reduce the low pressure zone and the low velocity zone of the computational domain,and increase the static pressure value of the blade surface,especially near the inlet of the pressure side in the 70%~100% blade height,which has a positive effect on improving the anti-cavitation performance of the centrifugal pump.Under the 0.8Qd〜1.4Qd(designed flow),the pressure pulsation amplitude at the tongue of the grooved volute casing are significantly reduced,especially under the 0.8Qd,the pressure pulsation periodicity is better,and the pulsation peak drop is up to 74.14%.The design of GVC plays an important role in absorbing the impact energy of fluid and stabilizing the flow in the centrifugal pump.

关 键 词：离心泵 压水室 凹槽 流动控制 内部流动 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]