烟叶含梗率的配合力及杂种优势表现  

Combining ability and heterosis performance of tobacco stem percentage

作　　者：周君浩 王军 喻奇伟 莫泽君 蒲媛媛 刘仁祥 ZHOU Junhao;WANG Jun;YU Qiwei;MO Zejun;PU Yuanyuan;LIU Renxiang(College of Tobacco Science/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research in Guizhou Province,Guizhou University,Guiyang,Guizhou 550025,China;Guizhou Province Tobacco Company Zunyi Company,Zunyi,Guizhou 564000,China;Guizhou Province Tobacco Company Bijie Company,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学烟草学院/贵州省烟草品质研究重点实验室,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司,贵州遵义564000 [3]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2019年第6期583-587,共5页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：贵州省科学技术厅项目(黔科合平台人才[2016]5663号);贵州省烟草公司项目(黔烟科201602，黔烟科201904);遵义市烟草公司项目(遵烟计[2016]07号)

摘　　要：以13个烟草材料(K326、VA116、G70、NC82、GDH94、GDH88、韭菜坪2号、TN90、南江三号、青梗、巴斯玛、毕纳1号、湄潭大蛮烟)为亲本,采用NCII不完全双列杂交设计,组配40个杂交组合,测定亲本和杂种F1代的烟叶含梗率,分析烟叶含梗率的配合力和杂种优势表现。结果表明:杂交组合间的烟叶含梗率存在显著或极显著差异;烟叶含梗率广义遗传力为96.11%,狭义遗传力为72.32%,表明其性状传递力强,由表型选择基因型的可靠性大;一般配合力方差和特殊配合力方差均达极显著水平,说明烟叶含梗率受加性效应和非加性效应的共同控制,且一般配合力方差大于特殊配合力方差:DGH88、青梗和湄潭大蛮烟3个亲本一般配合力负向效应值小,是改良烟叶含梗率的优良亲本;烟叶含梗率杂种优势表现以负向中亲优势和负向超亲优势为主,占所有杂交组合的77.5%,VA116×GDH88、K326×GDH88、VA116×韭菜坪2号的特殊配合力和杂种优势的表现较好,是选育低烟叶含梗率的优良杂交组合。Thirteen tobacco materials(K326,VA116,G70,NC82,GDH94,GDH88,Jiucaiping2,TN90,Nanjiang3,Qinggeng,Basma,Bina1,Meitandaman tobacco)were used as parents,and 40 cross combinations were designed by NCII incomplete diallel cross design.The stem percentage of parents and F1 hybrids was measured,and the heritability,combining ability and heterosis performance of stem percentage of tobacco leaves were analyzed.The results showed that there were significant or extremely significant differences in stem percentage among the hybrid combinations;the broad heritability and narrow heritability of stem percentage were 96.11%and 72.32%respectively,which indicated that the trait transmissibility was strong and the reliability of genotype selection by phenotype was high;the variance of general combining ability and special combining ability were both extremely significant,which indicated that the stem percentage was controlled by both additive and non-additive effects.The variance of general combining ability was greater than that of special combining ability;and the negative effect value of general combining ability of the three parents GDH88,Qinggeng and Meitandaman tobacco was small,which was good parents for improving tobacco stem percentage.The heterosis of leaf stem percentage was mainly negative mid-parent heterosis and negative super-parent heterosis,accounting for 77.5%of all hybrid combinations.Hybrid combinations VA116×GDH88,K326×GDH88 and VA116×Jiucaiping2 showed better special combining ability and heterosis,which are good for selecting varieties with low stem percentage.

关 键 词：烟叶 含梗率 杂种优势 配合力 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]