隔代抚养对儿童早期健康状况的影响  

Influence of grandparenting on early childhood health

作　　者：满小欧[1] 王学工 孟繁元[1] MAN Xiao-ou;WANG Xue-gong;MENG Fan-yuan(School of Humanities and Law,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning Province 110169,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学文法学院社会保障研究所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2019年第12期1671-1674,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(17CSH019);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(N171401005)

摘　　要：目的了解隔代抚养对儿童早期健康状况的影响,为促进儿童早期健康发展提供参考依据。方法收集中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2016年全国数据,从中抽取2970名0~6岁的儿童,在控制了个体与遗传因素、家庭因素与环境因素后,分析隔代抚养对其健康状况的实际影响。结果全国0~6岁儿童年龄别身高评分(HAZ)的中位数及四分位数范围分别为0.18(–1.24~1.79),身体发育总体处于健康水平,中重度营养不良儿童的检出率为12.9%,;农村儿童健康水平显著低于城市儿童,完全隔代抚养儿童健康水平明显低于亲代抚养儿童(均P<0.001)。包含虚拟变量的阶层回归分析结果显示,隔代抚养方式对儿童早期健康有显著影响(P<0.001);父亲的健康状况、家庭人口规模、医疗保险的可获得性也影响儿童的早期健康状况(均P<0.05)。结论我国0~6儿童发育整体处于健康水平,但隔代抚养对儿童早期健康有一定的消极影响,父母应重视子女的抚养问题,并注意优化儿童成长的家庭环境与提高医疗服务的可获得性,以切实促进儿童早期的健康发展。Objective To explore the influence of grandparenting on children aged 0–6 years and to provide references for promoting healthy development of the children.Methods We extracted the data on 2970 children aged 0–6 years from the dataset of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)conducted in 2016.Ordinary least squares(OLS)regression model with dummy variables was used to explore the influence of grandparenting on health status of the children after adjusting for personal,genetic,familial,and environmental factors.Results The median and interquartile range of weight-for-age z-score(HAZ)score were 0.18 and–1.24–1.79,indicating a generally good health status for all the children.The detection rate of moderate and severe malnutrition was 12.9%among the children.The health level of rural children was significantly lower than that of urban children and the health level of the children raised entirely by grandparents was significantly lower than that of children raised by parents(both P<0.001).The results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that grandparenting was of significant influence on early childhood health(P<0.001).Paternal health,family size and availability of medical insurance also affected early childhood health significantly(all P<0.05).Conclusion In China,0–6 children are healthy as a whole,but grandparenting exerts a certain negative impact on early childhood health.Parents should pay attention to child rearing to promote healthy development of their children effectively.

关 键 词：隔代抚养 儿童早期健康 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]