儿童原发性遗尿症不同亚型患病率调查  

A survey on the prevalence of different subtypes of primary enuresis in children

作　　者：韩中将 文一博[1] 汪玺正 花朝阳[1] 徐鹏超[1] 文建国[1] Han Zhongjiang;Wen Yibo;Wang Xizheng;Hua Chaoyang;Xu Pengchao;Wen Jianguo(Pediatric Urodynamic Center,First Affiliated Hospital,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Department of Reproductive Medicine,Nanyang Central Hospital,Nanyang 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院小儿尿动力中心,450052 [2]南阳市中心医院生殖医学科,473000

出　　处：《中华小儿外科杂志》2019年第12期1118-1122,共5页Chinese Journal of Pediatric Surgery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81370869)。

摘　　要：目的通过调查河南省5~12岁儿童原发性遗尿症(primary nocturnal enuresis,PNE)不同亚型患病率,为儿童保健和疾病防治提供参考依据。方法2016年10月至2017年5月随机选取河南省6个城市管辖区共计18所小学、12所中学9650名5~12岁儿童,采用无记名调查问卷的方式对原发性遗尿症及其不同亚型的流行病学情况进行调查。结果共发放调查问卷9650份,回收8978份,有效问卷8517份(88.3%)。8517名5~12岁儿童中,PNE总体患病率为6.4%(545/8517),其中单症状遗尿症(monosymptomatic enuresis,MNE)总体患病率为4.6%(395/8517),非单症状遗尿症(non-monosymptomatic enuresis,NMNE)总体患病率为1.8%(150/8517),NMNE占PNE总体患病率的27.5%(150/545)。PNE患病率在5岁时为11.0%(126/1142),8岁时为7.7%(83/1080),12岁时为2.1%(18/867),随年龄增长呈下降趋势(χtrend2=143.06,P<0.001)。MNE患病率在5岁时为7.7%(88/1142),8岁时为5.7%(62/1080),12岁时为1.6%(14/867),随年龄增长呈逐渐下降趋势(χtrend2=91.07,P<0.001)。5岁时NMNE患病率为3.3%(38/1142),8岁时为2.0%(21/1080),12岁时降至0.5%(4/867),随年龄增长患病率逐渐下降(χtrend2=48.95,P<0.001)。5~12岁男童PNE和MNE总体患病率分别为7.1%(328/4594)和5.3%(245/4594),高于女童的5.5%(217/3923)和3.8%(150/3923),且差异均有统计学意义(χ2=9.14、10.90,P均<0.05)。但男童和女童NMNE患病率1.8%(84/4594)和1.7%(66/3923)比较,差异没有统计学意义(χ2=0.26,P>0.05)。PNE儿童中频发性夜遗尿总体发生率为70.1%(382/545),MNE与NMNE患儿中频繁性夜遗尿发生率69.1%(273/395)和72.7%(109/150)比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.66,P>0.05)。结论10%左右的5~6岁儿童患有PNE,是影响儿童生活质量的主要疾病之一,且约1/3的PNE患儿伴有日间症状,频发性夜遗尿发生率高,应引起临床医生和家长重视。Objective To explore the prevalence of different subtypes of primary nocturnal enuresis(PNE)of children aged 5-12 years in Henan Province.Methods From October 2016 to May 2017,a cross-sectional survey of primary enuresis prevalence was performed by randomly selecting 9650 children aged 5-12 years from 18 primary schools and 12 middle schools in Henan Province.An anonymous questionnaire was employed for surveying the epidemiology of primary enuresis and its different subtypes.Results A total of 9650 questionnaires were distributed and 8978 questionnaires recovered.There were 8517 valid questionnaires with an effective questionnaire recovery rate of 88.3%.The overall prevalence of PNE was 6.4%(545/8517),the overall prevalence of monosymptomatic enuresis(MNE)4.6%(395/8517)and the overall prevalence of non-monosymptomatic enuresis(NMNE)1.8%(150/8517)while accounted for 27.5%of PNE.With advancing age,the prevalence of PNE decreased(χtrend2=143.06,P<0.001).The prevalence rate was as high as 11.0%(126/1142),7.7%(83/1080)at 8 years and gradually dropped to 2.1%at 12 years(18/867).The prevalence of MNE decreased with age(χtrend2=91.07,P<0.001),from 7.7%(88/1142)at 5 years to 5.7%(62/1080)at 8 years and 1.6%(14/867)at 12 years.The prevalence of NMNE was 3.3%(38/1142)at 5 years and the prevalence decreased with age(χtrend2=48.95,P<0.001).It declined from 2.0%(21/1080)at 8 years and decreased to 0.5%(4/867)at 12 years.The overall prevalence of PNE and MNE in boys aged 5-12 years was 7.1%(328/4594)and 5.3%(245/4594)respectively,which was 5.5%(217/3923)and 3.8%(150/3923)higher than those of girls(χ2=9.14,10.90,both P<0.05).Comparing the prevalence of NMNE in boys and girls[1.8%(84/4594)vs.1.7%(66/3923)],the difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0.26,P>0.05).The overall incidence of frequent nocturnal enuresis in children with PNE was 70.1%(382/545)and the incidence of frequent nocturnal enuresis with MNE and NMNE was compared[69.1%(273/395)vs.72.7%(109/150)].The difference was not statistically significant(χ2=0

关 键 词：遗尿症 流行病学 儿童 

分 类 号：R72[医药卫生—儿科]