公路隧道入口洞门立面标记视认性实验研究  

Experimental Study on Visibility of Facade Marking on Entrance Portal of Highway Tunnel

作　　者：黄婷[1] 张世娟[1] 蒋锦港 杜志刚[2] HUANG Ting;ZHANG Shi-juan;JIANG Jin-gang;DU Zhi-gang(Guizhou Transportation Planning Survey&Design Academe Co.Ltd.,Guiyang 550000,China;Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 4300633,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省交通规划勘察设计研究院股份有限公司,贵阳市550000 [2]武汉理工大学,武汉市430063

出　　处：《公路》2019年第12期204-210,共7页Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助，项目编号51578433;贵州省交通运输厅科技项目，项目编号2017123031

摘　　要：隧道洞门立面标记夜间视认性差,驾驶人难以及时辨识,是导致不良驾驶行为及交通事故的重要诱因。为了提升夜间公路隧道洞门立面标记的视认性,改善隧道入口段的交通安全环境。首先分析隧道入口洞门立面标记的遴选依据,选取洞门矩形块立面标记、环形块立面标记两种方案;然后利用3ds Max软件构建实验模型,并基于Eprime2.0软件和眼动仪进行仿真实验;选取被试者的视认距离,判断准确率和注视点分布作为公路隧道入口洞门立面标记视认性指标;最后使用SPSS软件对实验数据进行统计分析。实验结果表明:环形块方案夜间隧道洞门平均视认距离相较于矩形块方案提升了62.1%,达到了夜间洞门识别视距的要求,平均判别准确率提升了11.7%,识别段视觉敏感区降低了48.5%,接近段视觉敏感区降低了41.3%,不同分段视觉敏感区变化率小了12.0%,很有必要大规模在公路隧道入口洞门中应用。Tunnel visibility at night is poorly recognized,and it is difficult for drivers to identify them in time,which is an important cause of poor driving behavior and traffic accidents.In order to improve the visibility of the facade markings at the tunnel portal in evening and to improve the traffic safety environment of the tunnel entrance section,firstly,the selection basis of the markings at the entrance portal of the tunnel is analyzed,and two schemes are selected which are rectangular marking and ringshaped facade marking;then 3ds Max software is used to build experimental models and simulation experiments are carried out based on E-prime 2.0 software and eye tracker;the visual distance of the subject is selected,the judgement accuracy rate and the distribution of the gaze point are taken as the visibility index of facade marking at entrance portal of highway tunnel;finally,statistical analysis of experimental data is performed using SPSS software.The experimental results show that the average visible distance of the tunnel portal in the evening is improved by 62.1% compared with the rectangular marking scheme,which meets the requirement of nighttime door recognition line-of-sight.The average discriminant accuracy is improved by 11.7%.The visual sensitive area of the recognition segment is reduced by 48.5%,and the visual sensitivity area of the approach segment is reduced by 41.3%,and the change rate of different segmental visual sensitive areas is reduced by 12.0%,which proves that the scheme is worthy to be applied at the entrance of the road tunnel.

关 键 词：交通安全 公路隧道 立面标记 视认性 识别视距 

分 类 号：U491.52[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]