中产阶层代际流动的性别差异研究  

The Middle Class’s Gender Differences in the Intergenerational Mobility

作　　者：尹玉琳 YIN Yulin(Shandong Technology and Business University,Yantai,264005)

机构地区：[1]山东工商学院金融学院

出　　处：《中国经济问题》2019年第6期44-57,共14页China Economic Studies

基　　金：山东工商学院青年博士科研启动经费项目(BS201811)的资助

摘　　要：本文选取职业和收入两个指标,研究代际流动过程中,存在的地位准入差异以及地位结构差异。实证结果发现:中产阶层的代际流动存在显著的性别差异,男性的代际职业继承指数高于女性,同时代际流入指数以及流出指数低于女性,女性代际职业向下流动的风险更高;在代际职业流动方向相同时,在低收入区间女性所占人口比例高于男性,在高收入区间女性所占人口比例低于男性,女性处于劣势地位;代际职业继承时女性能够利用父辈资源能够改善“地位结构差异”,而子女发生代际职业流动时,女性无法有效的整合父辈资源扭转劣势地位,表现为代际收入差距更加突出。This article selects occupation and income as the indicators,to study the differences in status admission and status structure in the process of intergenerational mobility.The empirical results show that there is a significant gender difference in the intergenerational transmission of the middle class.There are “differences in status access and differences in status structure”.The occupational succession index is higher than that of females,with an intergenerational influx index and a lower outflow index than females,with a higher risk of downward mobility of females in intergenerational occupations.When intergenerational occupational mobility is in the same direction,the proportion of women in low-income regions is higher than that of men,and the proportion of women in high-income regions is lower than that of men and women are in a disadvantageous position.In intergenerational occupations,women can utilize their parents' resources to narrow the “structural differences in status”.When the children have intergenerational occupational mobility,women cannot effectively integrate their parents,resources and reverse their disadvantageous position.This shows that inter-generational income disparity is even more prominent.

关 键 词：代际职业流动 代际收入流动 性别差异 中产阶层 

分 类 号：F124.7[经济管理—世界经济]