2015-2018年北京市房山区放射工作人员外照射个人异常剂量分析  

Analysis of Abnormal Individual Dose From External Radiation for Radiation Workers in Fangshan District of Beijing City From 2015 to 2018

作　　者：刘铁[1] 刘玉茹[1] 刘晓玲[1] 苏德文[1] LIU Tie;LIU Yuru;LIU Xiaoling;SU Dewen(Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2019年第6期349-352,共4页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解北京市房山区放射工作人员外照射个人剂量异常情况,对异常原因进行分析,提出应对措施。方法以2015-2018年北京市房山区接受外照射个人剂量监测的放射工作人员为对象,采用《职业外照射个人监测超记录水平核查登记表》对超记录水平剂量放射人员进行调查,率的比较采用χ2检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果2015-2018年房山区共14人次个人剂量超过记录水平,均为医疗机构放射工种,非医疗机构未发生。在个人剂量超过记录水平的14人次中,按职业分布:从事放射诊断工种的为11人次,占剂量异常总人次数78.57%,从事介入工种的为3人次(21.43%);按剂量范围:异常剂量在1.25 mSv^5.00 mSv之间的为13人次,占剂量异常总人次数92.86%;异常剂量在5.00 mSv^10.00 mSv之间的为1人次(7.14%)。剂量异常原因主要有被水浸泡、未取下剂量计扶持患者、剂量计留置机房等。结论房山区放射工作人员个人放射安全情况较好,医疗机构是主要干预单位,从事放射诊断和介入工种的放射人员是主要干预对象,虽然未出现实际受到大剂量的照射情况,还是存在实际受照的个人剂量异常人群,建议应加强制度管理,强化安全意识。Objective To understand the abnormal individual dose of radiation workers in Fangshan district of Beijing,so as to analyze the causes of the abnormal individual dose,so as to put forward countermeasures.Method From 2015 to 2018,radiation workers who received individual dose monitoring of external exposure in Fangshan district were investigated with the Registration Form for Verification of Over-record Level of Personal Monitoring of Occupational External Exposure.Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis,and the test level was set at α=0.05.Results From 2015 to 2018,the individual dose of 14 people exceeded the record level in Fangshan District.All the 14 cases whose individual dose exceeded the record level were occurred in medical institutions,but none of them were occurred in non-medical institutions.In terms of occupational distribution,11 cases were engaged in radiation diagnosis,accounting for 78.57% of the total number of abnormal doses;3 cases were engaged in interventional work,accounting for 21.43% of the total number of abnormal doses.As for the dose range,13 cases involved in abnormal doses ranging from 1.25 mSv to 5 mSv,accounting for 92.86% of the total number of abnormal doses,one case involved in abnormal doses ranging from 5 mSv to 10 mSv,accounting for 7.14%.The main causes of dose abnormality are water immersion,not taking down the dosimeter to support patients and dosimeter detention room.Conclusion The personal radiation safety of radiation workers in Fangshan District is better.Medical institutions are the main target of intervention.Radiation workers engaged in radiation diagnosis and interventional work are the main objects of intervention.Although no case with actual exposure to large doses reported,there are still individuals with abnormal individual doses.It is suggested that the system management and the safety consciousness should be strengthened.

关 键 词：个人剂量 监测 外照射 异常剂量 

分 类 号：R144.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]