2017年北京市房山区道路清扫保洁女工健康状况调查  

The Health Status of Road Cleaning Women Workers in Fangshan District of Beijing City in 2017

作　　者：高美丽[1] 马长青[1] 郭艳梅[1] 黄少平[1] GAO Meili;MA Changqing;GUO Yanmei;HUANG Shaoping(Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2019年第6期360-365,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的了解北京市房山区道路清扫保洁女工健康状况,为开展道路清扫保洁女工健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法对北京环卫集团房山有限公司的411名道路清扫保洁女工进行问卷调查,掌握其基本情况、职业情况、生殖健康状况,并对结果进行描述性统计分析。结果411名道路清扫保洁女工吸烟率为0.49%、饮酒率为0.97%,93.67%的女工无婚外性行为;在工作岗位中接触的有害因素前5位依次是:高温(91.97%)、汽车尾气(85.16%)、空气污染物(77.86%)、粉尘(75.67%)、噪声(74.21%);90.52%的女工接触3种及以上有害因素;道路清扫保洁女工生殖道感染性疾病、生殖系统肿瘤的检出率分别是8.27%和6.81%。结论房山区道路清扫保洁女工生殖道感染性疾病、生殖系统肿瘤检出率较低,但由于其工作环境接触有害因素,全社会应该努力营造关爱道路清扫保洁女工的氛围,通过多种途径切实保护道路清扫保洁女工健康。Objective To understand the health status of the road cleaning women workers in Fangshan district of Beijing City,in order to provide a scientific basis for the healthy education work of the road cleaning women workers.Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted on 411 female road cleaning workers who were from Beijing Environmental Sanitation Group in Fangshan.Basic information,occupational status and reproductive health status were surveyed.Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out on the results.Results Among the 411 road cleaning women workers,the smoking rate was 0.49%,the drinking rate was 0.97%,and 93.67% of the female workers had no sex outside marriage.The top five harmful factors in the workplace are:high temperature(91.97%),automobile exhaust(85.16%),air pollutants(77.86%),dust(75.67%)and noise(74.21%).90.52% of female workers were exposed to three or more harmful factors.The detection rate of reproductive tract infection and tumor of the cleaning women workers was 8.27% and 6.81% respectively.Conclusion The detection rate of reproductive tract infection and tumor of female sanitation workers is low in Fangshan district.However,they were exposed to the harmful factors in the work environment.The whole society should try to create an atmosphere of caring for the road cleaning women workers,and ensure their health through various means.

关 键 词：道路清扫保洁 女工 生殖健康 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]