速生白榆的组织培养与快速繁殖  

Tissue culture and rapid propagation of fast-growing Ulmus pumila

作　　者：孙红英[1,2] 辛全伟[2] 罗海凌[1] 马志慧[2] 严少娟 SUN Hongying;XIN Quanwei;LUO Hailing;MA Zhihui;YAN Shaojuan(National Engineering Research Center of Juncao,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Forestry College,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学国家菌草工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [3]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福州350002

出　　处：《广西植物》2019年第12期1593-1598,共6页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31500265);2017年福建农林大学第三批科技创新专项基金~~

摘　　要：该文以速生白榆半木质化枝条为外植体,使用75%的酒精和0.1%HgCl 2消毒处理,外植体经过启动培养后,在增殖培养基中进行丛生芽诱导,将丛生芽切成单株进行生根诱导,最终建立起成熟的速生白榆组培快繁体系。结果表明:外植体最佳消毒处理组合为75%的酒精处理50 s+0.1%HgCl 2处理8 min,外植体污染率为17.3%,成活率为78%;将消毒处理过的外植体接种到启动培养基中,培养25 d,最终筛选出最适白榆外植体启动的培养基为MS+1.0 mg·L-16-BA+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA+30 g·L-1蔗糖+6.5 g·L-1琼脂,启动率高达87.5%;将经过启动培养后的外植体腋芽切下,接种到增殖培养基中进行丛生芽诱导,最终筛选出最佳增殖培养基为MS+0.5 mg·L-16-BA+0.1 mg·L-1 KT+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA+30 g·L-1蔗糖+6.5 g·L-1琼脂,继代周期25 d,增殖系数达6.2;将丛生芽切成单株,接种到生根诱导培养基中,筛选出最佳生根培养基为1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA+0.1 mg·L-1 IAA+30 g·L-1蔗糖+6.5 g·L-1琼脂,生根诱导30 d,生根率达97%。将生根苗在室外炼苗后,移栽到珍珠岩∶蛭石∶泥炭土体积比为1∶1∶1的混合基质中,成活率在90%以上。较高的增殖系数、生根率和移栽成活率可以降低生产成本,进而实现工厂化育苗。The semi-lignified branches of fast-growing Ulmus pumila were used as explants,75%alcohol and 0.1%HgCl 2 were used for disinfection.After initiation culture,the multiple shoots were first induced in the enrichment medium,and then cut into individual plants for rooting induction,and finally a tissue culture and rapid propagation system was established.The results showed that the optimal disinfection treatment combination of explants was 75%alcohol treatment for 50 s+0.1%HgCl 2 treatment for 8 min,the contamination rate of explants was 17.3%and the survival rate was 78%.The sterilized explants were inoculated into the initiation medium and cultured for 25 d,and the most suitable medium for start-up of the explants was found to be MS+1.0 mg L-16-BA+0.1 mg L-1 IBA+30 g L-1 sucrose+6.5 g L-1 AGAR,with initiation rate up to 87.5%.After the initial culture,axillary buds of the explants were cut off and inoculated into the enrichment medium for multiple shoots induction.Finally,the optimal enrichment medium was selected as MS+0.5 mg·L-16-BA+0.1 mg·L-1 KT+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA+30 g·L-1 sucrose+6.5 g·L-1 AGAR,and the subculture cycle was 25 d with the increment coefficient as high as 6.2.The best rooting medium was 1/2 MS+0.1 mg·L-1 IBA+0.1 mg·L-1 IAA+30 g·L-1 sucrose+6.5 g·L-1 AGAR,and rooting was induced for 30 d with a rooting rate of 97%.After seedling adaptation,the tissue culture seedlings of U.pumila were transplanted to mixed matrix with perlite∶vermiculite∶peat(volume ratio 1∶1∶1),and the survival rate reached above 90%.Higher increment coefficient,rooting rate and transplant survival rate can reduce production cost and realize factory seedling breeding.

关 键 词：速生白榆 组织培养 最佳培养基 快速繁殖 

分 类 号：Q943.1[生物学—植物学]