微博数据位置信息反映台风灾情的有效性分析  

Effectiveness Analysis of Typhoon Disaster Reflected by Microblog Data Location Information

作　　者：邬群勇[1,2,3] 裘钰娇 WU Qunyong;QIU Yujiao(Key Lab of Spatial Data Mining and Information Sharing of Ministry of Education,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China;National&Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Satellite Geospatial Information Technology,Fuzhou 350108,China;The Academy of Digital China(Fujian),Fuzhou 350003,China)

机构地区：[1]福州大学空间数据挖掘与信息共享教育部重点实验室,福建福州350108 [2]卫星空间信息技术综合应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,福建福州350108 [3]数字中国研究院(福建),福建福州350003

出　　处：《测绘科学技术学报》2019年第4期406-411,共6页Journal of Geomatics Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41471333);中央引导地方科技发展专项(2017L3012)

摘　　要：准确识别灾情相关的空间位置是利用社交媒体数据进行灾情分析的关键。首先采集2016年正面袭击福建省的两次台风“莫兰蒂”和“鲇鱼”期间新浪微博上灾情相关的微博数据,识别和提取其中的用户注册位置信息、签到位置信息和文本隐含位置信息;然后基于微博数量变化和内容分析3种位置信息与现实台风灾情之间的联系;最后基于分析结果确定台风微博的位置信息,利用台风微博对两次台风主要灾情进行提取与制图。结果表明利用该方法得到的台风微博位置信息可以有效反映灾情的空间分布。The key of disaster distribution analysis using social media data is to accurately identify the disaster-related spatial location.Firstly,the registered location information,the signed location information and the implicit location information are identified and extracted from the disaster-related microblog data on Sina microblog during the two typhoons"Moranti"and"Catfish"which hit Fujian Province directly in 2016.Then,the relations between the three kinds of location information and the actual disaster situation are analyzed based on the change of number and content of related microblogs.Finally,the location information of the typhoon microblog is determined based on the analysis result and the main disasters of two typhoons are extracted and mapped by typhoon microblogs.The result shows that the location information of the typhoon microblogs obtained by this method can effectively reflect the spatial distribution of the disaster.

关 键 词：微博 台风 文本地名识别 时空分析 灾情提取 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]