贸易战与19世纪晚期欧洲大国关系——以1888—1898年法意贸易战为中心  

On the Trade War and the Relations between European Powers in the Late 19th Century——Centering on France-Italy Trade War from 1888 to 1898

作　　者：朱华进 Zhu Huajin

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学历史文化学院

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2019年第11期131-142,255,共13页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目（优博培育项目）“19世纪晚期欧洲贸易保护主义研究”

摘　　要：19世纪晚期欧洲大陆整体从自由贸易转入贸易保护主义,频频引发贸易摩擦和贸易战,迈入欧洲经济史上著名的"贸易战时代"。这一时期的贸易战大多与大国政治外交挂钩,并且金融交锋在部分贸易战中扮演了重要角色。其中法国与意大利1888-1898年这一漫长而激烈的贸易战深刻融合了贸易博弈、金融战争和大国外交等元素,德国则成为突出的第三方。法意贸易战实质上展现了法国和德国在缺乏爆发贸易战内在动力的前提下,以意大利为媒介展开的经济、政治博弈,其过程及结果对法意关系和德奥意三国同盟关系演变都产生一定影响,也对认识当前世界贸易争端具有一定的借鉴意义。In the late 19 th century, the whole continent of Europe changed from free trade to trade protectionism, which frequently triggered trade frictions and trade wars, and entered the famous "trade war era" in European economic history. Most of the trade wars in this period were connected with the political and diplomatic relations of the big powers, and the financial exchanges played an important role in some trade wars. Among them, the long and fierce trade war between France and Italy in1888-1898 deeply integrated the elements of trade game, financial war and big country diplomacy,while Germany became the prominent third party. In essence, the trade war between France and Italy shows the economic and political game between France and Germany under the premise of lacking the internal power to break out the trade war. Its process and result have certain influence on the evolution of the relations between France and Italy and the alliance between Germany, Austro-Hungarian and Italy, and also have certain reference significance for recognizing the current world trade disputes between China and the United States.

关 键 词：法意贸易战 金融战 法意关系 三国同盟 

分 类 号：K142[历史地理—历史学]