黄河宁蒙河段2018年汛期水沙特性分析  

Analysis of Flood Characteristics in the Flood Season of Ningmeng Reach of Yellow River

作　　者：谢学东[1] 赵文荣 刘伟莉[1] 裴斌[1] XIE Xuedong;ZHAO Wenrong;LIU Weili;PEI Bin(Ningmeng Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources,YRCC,Baotou 014030,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会宁蒙水文水资源局

出　　处：《人民黄河》2019年第12期26-29,共4页Yellow River

摘　　要：2018年黄河流域发生多次强降雨过程,干流先后形成3次编号洪水,宁蒙河段高水位、大流量持续近3个月。分析了宁蒙河段汛期雨水情特点、洪水演进以及含沙量变化过程;通过套绘洪水期石嘴山及以下水文断面,计算了相同水位下的断面面积,绘制水位—断面面积关系曲线,分析了汛期宁蒙河段典型断面的冲淤变化以及过流能力。结果表明:2018年汛期宁蒙测区平均降雨量、来水量较历年均值总体偏多,出现3场较大的洪水过程,水位偏高,大流量持续时间长,宁夏河段出现3场较大的沙峰过程;汛期宁蒙石嘴山以下水文断面总体表现为冲刷,河道过洪能力明显提高;除头道拐断面以外,石嘴山以下各水文断面均发生较明显的冲刷。Rainstorms were frequent in the Yellow River basin during the flood season in 2018 and 3 numbered flood process at the main stream, the high water level and large flow lasted for three months in Ningmeng reach. The paper analyzed the characteristics of rainfall and runoff, flood routing and sediment concentration process during the flood season of Ningmeng reach. The erosion-deposition variation and flow capacity of Ningmeng reach were analyzed through sections arbitrage of main hydrological station, calculation of section area under the same level and relation curve drawing of water level and area. The results show that the average precipitation and inflow during flood season of Ningmeng reach in 2018 are more than the average over the years, and there are three larger flood processes with high water level, large dis charge and three large sediment peak process in Ningxia reach. The channel scouring is obvious and the flood carrying capacity has been in creased significantly during the flood season of Ningmeng reach. In addition to Toudaoguai hydrologic section, all the sections below Shizuis han Hydrologic Station occur obvious scouring process.

关 键 词：冲淤变化 过流能力 洪水 宁蒙河段 汛期 2018年 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学] TV882.1[水利工程—水文学及水资源]