以沙湖为例探究宁夏内陆封闭型湖泊水体污染原因  

The Causes of Water Pollution in the Shahu Lake of Ningxia Based on Migration and Transformation Characteristics of Regional Water Environment Contaminants

作　　者：田林锋 罗桂林[3] 马映雪[2] 姜文娟[2] TIAN Linfeng;LUO Guilin;MA Yingxue;JIANG Wenjuan(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200082,China;Shizuishan Environmental Monitoring Station,Shizuishan 753000,China;Ningxia Polytechnic Institute,Yinchuan 753000,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200082 [2]石嘴山市环境监测站,宁夏石嘴山753000 [3]宁夏理工学院,宁夏银川753000

出　　处：《中国环境监测》2019年第6期85-92,共8页Environmental Monitoring in China

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区生态环境厅“沙湖、星海湖水质污染原因及控制研究”(201602);宁夏回族自治区生态环境厅“宁夏回族自治区环境保护科学技术研究项目”(201709)

摘　　要：为研究西北地区封闭式湖泊水质恶化原因及水体污染物迁移转化规律,以宁夏沙湖为研究对象,对沙湖2012—2017年水体污染物总量变化趋势及沙湖周边地表水环境质量进行分析。研究结果表明:沙湖水环境质量变化主要由内源性污染和外源性输入造成,其中内源性污染源主要为沙湖沉积物污染物释放,沙湖水体沉积物通过孔隙水向沙湖水体转移的COD Mn、COD Cr、TP、TN、氟化物分别占水体总污染物的6.4%、6.6%、16.6%、14.2%、31.4%;沙湖外源性污染源主要为黄河补水和农垦集团稻田等面源污染,其中黄河补水向沙湖转移的COD Mn、COD Cr、TP、TN、氟化物分别占沙湖水体污染物总量的49%、30%、279%、99%、13%,沙湖周边面源性污染通过渗透作用向沙湖水体输入的COD Mn、COD Cr、TP、TN、氟化物分别占沙湖水体污染物总量的23%、18%、52%、34%、19%,外源性污染物输入占沙湖水体污染物总量COD Mn、COD Cr、TP、TN、氟化物分别为72%、48%、331%、133%、32%,但由于水体自身净化作用,TP和TN已大幅度降解。In order to study the causes of water quality deterioration and the migration and transformation of water pollutants in the northwestern part of the country,the Shahu Lake in Ningxia was taken as the research object,and the trend of the total content of water pollutants in the Shahu Lake from 2012 to 2017 and the surface water environment quality around the Shahu Lake were studied.The research results showed that the environmental quality change of the Shahu Lake was mainly caused by endogenous pollution and exogenous input.The endogenous pollution sources were mainly the release of pollutants from sediments in the Shahu Lake.The COD Mn,COD Cr,TP,TN and F in the sediments transferred to the Shahu Lake through the pore water accounted for 6.4%,6.6%,16.6%,14.2%and 31.4%of the total pollutants in the water,respectively.The sources of exogenous pollution in the Shahu Lake were mainly non-point source pollution such as the Yellow River hydration and the paddy field of the Agricultural Reclamation Group.Among them,the Yellow River hydration to the sand lake COD Mn,COD Cr,TP,TN and F accounted for 49%,30%,279%,99%and 13%of the total pollutants in the Shahu Lake,respectively.The COD Mn,COD Cr,TP,TN and F input into the Shahu water by osmotic action near the surface of the Shahu Lake accounted for 23%,18%,52%,34%and 19%of the total pollutants in the Shahu Lake,respectively.The input of exogenous pollutants accounted for 72%,48%,331%,133%and 32%of the total pollutants in the water of the Shahu Lake,respectively.However,due to the purification of water itself,total phosphorus and total nitrogen has been greatly degraded.

关 键 词：沙湖 区域 迁移转化 污染原因 探究 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]