无铅复合屏蔽材料的研究  

Research of Lead-free Composite Shielding Material

作　　者：石勇 陈宝 张龙[2] 于宏燕[2] 陈研 SHI Yong;CHEN Bao;ZHANG Long;YU Hongyan;CHEN Yan(The Seventh Military Representative Office,Naval Equipment Department Stationed in Beijing,Beijing 100176,China;Beijing Radiation Application Research Center,Beijing 100015,China;Beijing Fudi Venture Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 101583,China)

机构地区：[1]海装驻北京地区第七军事代表室,北京100176 [2]北京市射线应用研究中心,北京100015 [3]北京富迪创业科技有限公司,北京101583

出　　处：《安全》2019年第12期77-81,共5页Safety & Security

摘　　要：为了解决目前防护X射线的屏蔽材料中广泛使用含铅材料而造成的铅污染,提出了无铅复合屏蔽材料的技术途径。通过对X射线屏蔽机理的分析及铅材料的屏蔽特点,指出了辐射屏蔽材料的改进方向;通过铅污染的途径分析及铅污染对人体健康的影响,提出了铅表面处理、铅复合材料及无铅材料取代等技术手段;通过不同元素屏蔽效果的比较,选取了取代铅屏蔽的元素;通过选取的非铅元素制备了高密度复合屏蔽材料,与现有的含铅复合材料进行了比较,无铅复合屏蔽材料在屏蔽性能、力学性能及安全环保等方面具有明显的优势。In order to solve the lead pollution caused by the widely used lead materials in X-ray shielding,the lead-free composite shielding materials are proposed.Based on the analysis the X-ray shielding mechanism and the shielding characteristics of lead materials,the improvement of radiation shielding materials is pointed out.Through the analysis of lead pollution and the impact of lead pollution on human health,the technical means of lead surface treatment,lead composite materials and lead-free materials replacement are proposed.Through the comparison of shielding effects of different elements,the elements which replaced lead are selected,high density composite shielding materials were prepare from the lead-free elements.Compared with the existing lead-containing composite materials,the lead-free composite shielding materials have obvious advantages in shielding performance,mechanical properties,safety and environmental protection.

关 键 词：铅污染 无铅屏蔽材料 辐射防护 

分 类 号：X96[环境科学与工程—安全科学] TL77[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]