春性和半冬性甘蓝型油菜在春油菜区的光合性状比较  

Comparison of Photosynthetic Characteristics Between Spring and Semi-winter Brassica napus in Spring Rape Area

作　　者：赵小光[1] 张耀文[1] 陈文杰[1] 韦世豪[1] 关周博[1] 王竹云[1] 侯君利[1] 赵兴忠[1] 拜仓玲 Zhao Xiaoguang;Zhang Yaowen;Chen Wenjie;Wei Shihao;Guan Zhoubo;Wang Zhuyun;Hou Junli;Zhao Xingzhong;Bai Cangling(Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province,Yangling Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]陕西省杂交油菜研究中心

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2019年第34期34-39,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划“春播区油菜高光效种质资源创制与利用”(2018NY-061)

摘　　要：为研究春油菜生态区里春性和半冬性油菜光合性状的差异,在甘肃张掖春油菜区分别测定春性和半冬性甘蓝型油菜的光合气体交换参数、叶片叶绿素含量、绿叶面积、光响应曲线,CO2响应曲线等光合性状。结果表明:半冬性油菜的净光合速率、胞间CO2浓度和水分利用效率高于春性油菜,而气孔导度、蒸腾速率则低于春性油菜;春性油菜的绿叶面积明显高于冬性油菜,而叶绿素浓度则低于半冬性油菜;半冬性油菜对光的利用和转化能力优于春性油菜,在低光强和高光强下的净光合速率均高于春性油菜;春性油菜的CO2的羧化效率高于半冬性油菜,而冬性油菜的在高CO2浓度下的光合作用要明显高于春性油菜。研究结果可为春油菜区油菜种质资源扩充和高光效育种提供参考。To study the difference of photosynthetic characteristics between spring and semi-winter rape in spring rape ecological area, photosynthetic gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll content of leaf, green leaf area, light response curve and CO2 response curve were measured in spring rape area of Zhangye, Gansu. The results showed that: the net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2 concentration and water use efficiency of semi-winter rape were higher than those of spring rape, while stomatal conductance and transpiration rate were lower than those of spring rape. The green leaf area of spring rape was significantly higher than that of winter rape, while chlorophyll concentration was lower than that of semi-winter rape. The light utilization and transformation ability of semi-winter rape was better than that of spring rape and the net photosynthetic rate of semi-winter rape was higher than that of spring rape under low light intensity or high light intensity. The CO2 carboxylation efficiency of spring rape was higher than that of semi-winter rape, while photosynthesis of semiwinter rape was significantly higher than that of spring rape under high CO2 concentration. This study could provide certain references for rape germplasm resource expansion and high photosynthetic efficiency breeding in spring rape area.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 春油菜区 光合性状 生态育种 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]