H2SO4/HNO3混酸和高铁酸钾体系制备膨胀石墨  

Preparation of Expanded Graphite by H2SO4/HNO3 and Potassium Ferrate System

作　　者：陈伟[1] 舒世立[1] 贾献峰 郭强强[1] Chen Wei;Shu Shili;Jia Xianfeng;Guo Qiangqiang(Department of Chemistry,Tangshan Normal University,Tangshan Key laboratory of Green Specialty Chemicals,Tangshan 063000)

机构地区：[1]唐山师范学院化学系唐山市绿色专用化学品重点实验室

出　　处：《化学通报》2019年第12期1121-1125,1058,共6页Chemistry

基　　金：河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(Z2018034)资助

摘　　要：以天然鳞片石墨为原料、高铁酸钾为氧化剂、浓硫酸、硝酸为插层剂微波法制备膨胀石墨,通过红外光谱、XRD和SEM对其结构进行表征。探讨了混酸用量、氧化剂用量、混酸比例、插层反应温度、插层反应时间对膨胀效果的影响。结果表明,石墨(g)∶高铁酸钾(g)∶混酸(m L)为1∶0. 3∶18、V硫酸∶V硝酸为2∶1、插层反应温度35℃、反应时间60min时,膨胀体积达75mL/g,比硫酸为插层剂时膨胀体积增长了约87. 5%。Expanded graphite was prepared by microwave method with natural flake graphite as raw material,concentrated sulfuric acid and nitric acid as intercalating agent,potassium ferrite as oxidant. The structure was characterized by IR spectrum,XRD and SEM. The effects of the amount of mixed acid and oxidizing agent,the proportion of mixed acid,the intercalated reaction temperature,and the intercalated reaction time on the expanding volume of obtained expanded graphite were discussed. Experimental results showed that when natural flake graphite(g) ∶potassium ferrite(g) ∶mixed acid(m L) is 1 ∶0. 3 ∶18,sulfuric acid ∶ nitric acid is 2 ∶1,intercalated reaction temperature is 35℃,reaction time is 60 min,the expanding volume reached about 75 m L/g,which is about 87. 5%higher than when the sulfuric acid was used as the intercalant.

关 键 词：膨胀石墨 高铁酸钾 混酸 微波法 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工]