南麂列岛东侧海域主要游泳动物生态位及种间联结性  

Niche and interspecific association of major nekton in the sea area to the east of the Nanji Islands

作　　者：戴冬旭 俞存根 刘惠 颜文超 孙蓓蓓 菅康康 辛艺 张文俊 DAI Dong-xu;YU Cun-gen;LIU Hui;YAN Wen-chao;SUN Bei-bei;JIAN Kang-kang;XIN Y1];ZHANG Wen-jun(College of Fishery,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学水产学院

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2019年第12期4249-4258,共10页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31270527)资助~~

摘　　要：根据2017年秋季和2018年春季在南麂列岛东侧海域进行的渔业资源调查所获数据,应用相对重要性指数、生态位宽度、聚类分析、生态位重叠值、基于2×2数据矩阵的χ^2检验、方差比率、联结系数、共同出现百分率和点相关系数等,分析了主要游泳动物的种间关系和生态联系.结果表明:在调查的30种主要游泳动物中,优势种有龙头鱼、三疣梭子蟹和口虾蛄3种,它们的生态位宽度较宽.采用生态位宽度聚类分析,可以将主要游泳动物划分为广生态位种、中生态位种和狭生态位种3个类型.生态位重叠值分布区间为[0,0.98],说明物种对资源利用的相似性存在差异,生态位出现分化并伴随种间竞争现象.根据方差比率和W检验得出主要游泳动物间总体为显著正相关.χ^2检验结果显示,联结性显著的有76个种对(χ^2≥3.841),这与群落结构稳定性、物种共存现象存在一定关联.联结系数(AC)、共同出现百分率和点相关系数检验结果表明,物种间联结性较强,总体趋于正相关关系.According to the fishery resources investigation data in the east of the Nanji Islands during autumn in 2017 and spring in 2018,the inter-specific relationships and ecological relationships between major nekton were analyzed via the index of relative importance,niche breadth,cluster analysis,niche overlap,χ^2-test,variance ratio test,association coefficient,percentage of co-occurrence,and point correlation coefficients.The results showed that there were 30 major nekton species in this area.The dominant species were Harpadon nehereus,Portunus trituberculatus,and Oratosquilla oratoria.The niche width of these dominant species was relatively wide.Based on the cluster analysis of niche breadth,the 30 major nekton species could be divided into three categories,wide niche breadth species,moderate niche breath species,and narrow niche breath species.The distribution range of niche overlap value was[0,0.98],indicating that there were differences in the similarity of species to resource utilization and that the niche was differentiated and accompanied by inter-specific competition.The values of VR and W showed that there was a significant positive correlation among the major nekton species.Theχ^2-test results indicated significantly interspecific association for 76 species pair(χ^2≥3.841),which was related to community stability and species coexistence.Results of association coefficient,percentage of co-occurrence and point correlation coefficients test suggested that the interspecific association was strong and tended to be positive.

关 键 词：游泳动物 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 种间联结 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]