银川市蟑螂侵害及病原携带状况调查  

Investigation on the cockroach hazards and pathogen-carrying status in Yinchuan City

作　　者：常庆宁 哈丽娜[1] 邸师红 杨凤琴[1] 郑艳娟[3] CHANG Qing-ning;HA Li-na;DI Shi-hong;YANG Feng-qin;ZHENG Yan-juan(Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 150004,China;Heart and Cerebrovascular Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 150002,China;Yinchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention y Yinchuan 750011,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学,宁夏银川750004 [2]宁夏医科大学心脑血管医院,宁夏银川750002 [3]银川市疾病预防控制中心,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2019年第6期569-572,共4页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

基　　金：宁夏医科大学科研项目

摘　　要：目的了解银川市3区不同场所中蟑螂侵害及病原携带状况,为有效防治蟑螂侵害和预防控制相关传染病提供科学依据。方法在银川市兴庆区、西夏区、金凤区3区各个监测点采用粘捕法捕获蟑螂,并调查蟑螂侵害率、密度、季节消长及种群构成情况,检测其体表携带的细菌、寄生虫、乙型肝炎病毒。结果银川市蟑螂侵害率为2.13%,3区监测点中5类不同场所(居民住宅区、宾馆饭店、小餐饮业、农货市场、医院),侵害率分别为37.07%、13.85%、11.21%、27.97%、9.9%,平均密度为7.90只/张;蟑螂种类以德国小蠊为主;蟑螂的季节消长以11月密度最高,最低密度为3月;病原学检测检出蟑螂体表携带大肠杆菌、福氏志贺菌、沙门氏菌、变形杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、粪肠球菌、白色念珠菌,未检出寄生虫,乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)阴性。结论初步掌握了银川市蟑螂侵害率、密度、季节消长和种群构成情况,以及其目前携带的细菌、寄生虫、病毒等情况,对于其防治、用药等需进一步研究。Objective The encroachment and pathogen carrying status of cockroach in different places in three districts of Yinchuan have been presented to provide scientific evidence for effectively controlling the encroachment of cockroaches and preventing related infectious diseases. Methods The adhesive killing method has been adopted to trap cockroaches in all monitored points in the Xingqing District,Xixia District and Jinfeng District. Meanwhile, the encroachment rate of cockroaches, density, seasonal growth and decline, and population composition have been also investigated. And bacteria,parasites and hepatitis B virus carried on the surface of cockroach have been also tested.Results The encroachment rate was 2.13% in Yinchuan City. The encroachment rates of cockroaches at five different places(residential areas, hotels, small restaurants, agricultural markets and hospitals) among monitoring points were 37.07%, 13.85%, 11.21%, 27.97% and 9.9% respectively in three districts.And the average density was 7.90 cockroaches per trap.With average density of 7.9 cockroaches per trap, German cockroaches were the dominant in most cases. The greatest and lowest densities can be found in November and in March respectively for the seasonal growth and decline. According to the etiology test, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella, Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans were carried at the cockroach surface. No parasite has been detected. Also, Hepatitis B virus and HBsAg were negative.Conclusion The encroachment rate, density, seasonal growth and decline, population composition of cockroaches in Yinchuan areas, as well as bacteria, parasites and viruses were mastered. In that case, extensive researches are required for the control.

关 键 词：蟑螂 侵害率 病原携带 

分 类 号：R384.9[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R183.5[医药卫生—基础医学]