西安市2016—2018年鼠密度监测  

Rodent density surveillance in Xi’an City from 2016 to 2018

作　　者：薛威[1] 庞松涛[1] 雷晓岗 陈保忠[1] XUE Wei;PANG Song-tao;LEI Xiao-gang;CHEN Bao-zhong(Xi’an Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中华卫生杀虫药械》2019年第6期576-578,共3页Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipments

摘　　要：目的了解西安市2016-2018年鼠类密度、种群构成、季节消长及不同生境的鼠密度情况,为制定鼠类防控方案提供科学依据。方法随机抽取餐饮业、自然村和居民区3种生境各1个,采用夹夜法进行鼠密度监测。结果西安市2016-2018年各个监测点合计捕鼠277只,3年平均密度为0.42%;农村自然村的3年平均密度(1.12%)显著高于餐饮业(0.43%)和城镇居民区(0.22%);2016年鼠密度高峰出现在5月(0.32%),2017年鼠密度高峰出现在1月(0.63%),2018年则在7月(0.84%)达到高峰;不同生境间鼠种分布基本一致,主要以小家鼠为主,其次为褐家属。结论掌握了西安市鼠类种群构成及季节消长情况,建议根据鼠类栖息习性及季节消长特点,采取综合性防治措施,并加强对鼠类及其传播疾病的长期监测、预警和防治对策的研究。Objective To investigate the population structure of rodents and their densities in different seasons and habitats in Xi’an City of China, and provide scientific basis for rodent control measures. Methods The night trapping method was used to monitor the rodent densities at randomly selected sites,including one catering service,one natural village and one residential community. Results A total of 277 rodents were captured from 2016 to 2018,with an average density of 0.42%. The highest rodent density as much as 1.12% took place in the natural village,followed by the catering service(0.43%) and the residential community(0.22%). The rodent density fluctuated with seasons,peaked in May of 2016(0.32%), January of 2017(0.63%) and July of 2018(0.84%). Mus musculus was the dominant species in the places investigated,followed by Rattus norvegicus. Conclusion It is suggested to take integrated rodent control measures and enhance long-term monitoring,early warning,prevention of rodents and rodent-borne diseases according to the habits and characteristics of rodents and their seasonal density fluctuation.

关 键 词：鼠类 密度 生境 

分 类 号：S443[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]