利用区域自适应极化滤波压制多分量面波干扰  

A surface wave suppression method based on area adaptive polarization filtering

作　　者：王志农 孙成禹[1] 伍敦仕 闫月锋 WANG Zhinong;SUN Chengyu;WU Dunshi;YAN Yuefeng(China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;Northwest Branch,Research Institute of Petro­leum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2019年第6期1206-1216,I0008,共12页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“深度偏移地震数据特征剖析与深度域直接反演方法研究”(41874153)和“基于微地震数据的致密油气储层裂纹演化分形特征研究”(41504097)联合资助

摘　　要：陆上三分量地震勘探中面波通常会严重降低资料品质并影响后续数据处理和最终综合解释结果。基于面波低速、低频和椭圆极化的特征,本文提出一种基于区域自适应极化滤波的面波压制方法。首先根据面波的视速度特性划分其主要分布区域,利用S变换进行区域滤波,初步分离出面波干扰;然后利用Hilbert-Huang变换(HHT)进行面波分析,得到面波的瞬时频率;再根据面波瞬时频率自动调节极化滤波的窗口大小,从而进行自适应极化滤波,将低频反射信号从面波干扰中分离出来;最后对区域滤波结果进行补偿,得到压制面波干扰后的最终地震记录。模型测试和实际数据处理结果表明,该方法能在有效压制面波的同时,较好地保护有效信号。In the land 3C seismic exploration,surface waves affect seriously the subsequent data processing and interpretation.Since surface waves are characterized by low-velocity,low-frequency,and elliptical polarization,this paper proposes a surface-wave suppression method based on the area adaptive polarization filtering.First,main surfacewave distributions are confirmed according to the apparent velocity of surface wave,and the area filter is performed by S transform,so surface waves are initially separated.Then,these surface waves are analyzed with Hilbert-Huang transform(HHT)to obtian the instantanous frequency.The polarization filter window is automatically adjusted by the instantaneous frequency to perform adaptive polarization filtering.Low-frequency reflection signals are separated from surface waves to compensate results of the area filtering.Finally seismic data after the surface-wave suppression are obtained.Both numerical simulations and real seismic data applications show that the proposed method can not only effectively suppress surface waves,but also protect low frequency signals.

关 键 词：面波压制 自适应 区域滤波 极化滤波 HHT 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]