一种阳离子聚合物型粘土稳定剂的制备及评价  

Preparation and evaluation of a clay stabilizer with cationic polymer

作　　者：焦智奕 师永民 陈佳辉[1] 李浩 黄传卿[1] 刘佳洁 JIAO Zhi-yi;SHI Yong-min;CHEN Jia-hui;LI Hao;HUANG Chuan-qing;LIU Jia-jie(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学陕西省轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [2]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871

出　　处：《应用化工》2019年第12期2851-2855,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX05013-005-009)

摘　　要：以甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)为原料,过硫酸铵(APS)作为引发剂,通过缓慢滴加引发剂使其水溶液聚合的方法合成聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(PDMC),利用红外、核磁等表征方法确定产物结构。结果表明,合成PDMC的最佳条件为:反应温度78℃,反应时间6 h,APS占DMC质量的1.86%,DMC的质量浓度为21%,此时产物表观粘度为30.1 mPa·s,该粘土稳定剂防膨效果优良。用量为1%时防膨率为92.32%,经过3次水洗后,其耐水洗率仍然能够达到80%以上。该粘土稳定剂可在较宽的温度范围内使用,90℃下能保持良好的防膨效果,耐温性能好。PDMC与KCl按质量比1∶1的比例进行复配,用量为1%时防膨率为95.52%,有效防止了粘土水化膨胀和分散运移。The experiment used methacryloyloxye thyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DMC)as raw material,and ammonium persulfate(APS)as initiator.In the experiment,synthesis of polymethacryloyloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(PDMC)by slow dropwise addition of an initiator to polymerize its aqueous solution.Determining product structure with infrared spectroscopy(IR)and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR).The results showed that the best conditions for the synthesis of PDMC as followings was 78℃and the reaction time was 6 h.APS accounts for 1.86%of DMC quality,and DMC had a mass concentration of 21%.At this time,the apparent viscosity of the product was 30.1 mPa·s.The clay stabilizer had excellent anti-swelling effect,and the anti-expansion rate was 92.32%when the dosage was 1%.After 3 times of washing,the washing rate could still reach 80%or more.The clay stabilizer could be used in a wide temperature range,and could maintain medium anti-swelling effect at 90℃,also had medium temperature resistance.PDMC and KCl were compounded in a ratio of 1∶1.The anti-expansion rate was 95.52%when the dosage was 1%,which effectively prevented the hydration expansion and dispersion migration of clay.

关 键 词：聚甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵 粘土稳定剂 防膨率 耐水洗性 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业] TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]