厦门市老年人养老意愿及影响因素调查研究  

Survey on the retirement life planning of the elderly in Xiamen and its influencing factors

作　　者：许丽春[1] 连丽惠 林丰[1] 李伟丽[1] 傅建国[1] 沈笈洪 黄小进[1] XU Li-chun;LIAN Li-hui;LIN Feng;LI Wei-li;FU Jian-guo;SHEN Ji-hong;HUANG Xiao-jin(Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361004,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学附属中山医院,福建厦门361004 [2]厦门大学附属翔安医院

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2019年第10期960-965,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：厦门市科学技术协会重点调研项目

摘　　要：目的了解厦门市老年人养老意愿,并分析其影响因素。方法2017年6~12月,本研究采用自行设计的调查问卷,以分层随机抽样方法,在厦门市思明、湖里、集美、海沧、同安和翔安6个区中,各抽取1个社区,对符合纳入标准的693名老年人进行调查。结果693名研究对象中,569人(82.11%)选择居家养老,98人(14.14%)选择社区居家养老,26人(3.75%)选择机构养老。老年人养老意愿选择的主要影响因素有年龄(χ2=28.348,P=0.000);文化程度(χ2=130.985,P=0.000);子女数量(χ2=50.219,P=0.000);居住地(χ2=183.501,P=0.000);居住情况(χ2=35.030,P=0.000);经济来源(χ2=213.869,P=0.000);月收入水平(χ2=204.088,P=0.000);是否有属于自己产权的房子(χ2=70.730,P=0.000);医保类型(χ2=233.856,P=0.000)。多因素分析结果显示,文化程度(除小学外,P<0.05);居住情况[OR(95%CI)0.49(0.31~0.78),P=0.003];经济来源[OR(95%CI)0.45(0.29~0.69),P=0.000];是否有属于自己产权的房子[OR(95%CI)2.92(1.60~5.34),P=0.001];医保类型[OR(95%CI)0.44(0.26~0.73),P=0.002]是影响老年人养老意愿的独立因素。结论厦门市老年人的养老意愿倾向以居家养老为主。老年人的养老意愿受文化程度、居住情况、经济来源、是否有属于自己产权的房子、医保类型多种因素影响。Objective To understand the retirement life planning of the elderly in Xiamen and to discuss the influencing factors.Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted among a total 693residents aged 60 years and older randomly selected from 6communities of 6districts in Xiamen using stratified sampling method.Results 82.11%,14.14%and 3.75%of the participants preferred to spend their retirement lives at their own houses,community-based senior care centers and institute-based care centers.The major factors affecting their plannings were age(χ2=28.348,P=0.000),education(χ2=130.985,P=0.000),number of children(χ2=50.219,P=0.000),residence(χ2=183.501,P=0.000),living condition(χ2=35.030,P=0.000),source of income(χ2=213.869,P=0.000),monthly income(χ2=204.088,P=0.000),owning their own properties(χ2=70.730,P=0.000)and type of medical insurance(χ2=233.856,P=0.000).Multi-variant regression analysis showed that education(P<0.05,expect primary school),living condition[OR(95%CI)0.49(0.31-0.78),P=0.003],source of income[OR(95%CI)0.45(0.29~0.69),P=0.000],owning their own properties[OR(95%CI)2.92(1.60-5.34),P=0.001]and type of medical insurance[OR(95%CI)0.44(0.26-0.73),P=0.002]were independent factors influencing their retirement planning.Conclusions Most elderly residents in Xiamen prefer to spend their retirement lives at their own houses.Education,living condition,source of income,owning their own properties and type of medical insurance are found to be independent factors influencing their retirement planning.

关 键 词：老年人 社区 养老意愿 影响因素 多因素logistic回归 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]