北京市朝阳区大学生使用耳机对听力影响的调查研究  

Assessment of the impact of earphones on hearing of college students in Chaoyang district of Beijing

作　　者：朱琳[1] 赵辰光[2] 王磊[1] 沈成刚[1] ZHU Lin;ZHAO Chen-guang;WANG Lei;SHEN Cheng-gang(*Beijing Chaoyang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100021,Chin;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心,北京100021 [2]中华预防医学会

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2019年第10期972-975,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解耳机使用对大学生听力的影响,评价干预措施对听力的保护作用。方法2016年在北京市朝阳区15所大学院校中招募2所学校,对185名新入学的大学生进行问卷调查和3年健康干预,并在干预前后对其听力阈值(0.5~6.0kHz)进行检测,从而评价健康干预效果。结果大学生使用耳机不良行为较多,83.24%大学生每天连续使用时间>1h,51.35%耳机音量>60%。经过3年健康干预,大学生使用耳机<1h从16.76%升至50.29%,大学生使用耳机5~h从4.86%下降至2.92%。听力阈值结果显示,使用耳机1~h和3~h的大学生,在3kHz、6kHz听阈均值干预后较干预前低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论不良的使用耳机行为会引发大学生听阈下降,使用时间越长,听力损伤越严重。干预后,大学生使用耳机行为、听阈均值和自主症状均有很大改善。Objective To assess the impact of earphone use on hearing of college students.Methods In 2016,aquestionnaire survey was conducted among 185freshmen randomly selected from 2colleges to collected baseline data on earphone use and symptoms associated with earphone use.All study subjects received 3years health intervention.The hearing threshold test was performed before and after the intervention.Results The survey showed that college students had unhealthy behaviors when using headphones,83.24%college students had their headphones on for over 1hour every day,and around half of students set the volume higher than 60%.After the intervention,students who used earphones for less than 1hour per day increased from 16.76%to 50.29%,and those who used earphones more than 5hours dropped from 4.86%to 2.92%.The mean listening threshold of students who used earphones for 1-hours and 3-hours lowered significantly after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusions Unhealthy use of earphones can lower the hearing threshold of college students and health intervention can help students to shorten the time of using headphones and to prevent the hearing loss.

关 键 词：耳机 大学生 听力损伤 

分 类 号：R764.04[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]