河北省23例脑膜炎奈瑟菌致急性脑炎和脑膜炎病例的流行病学特征  

Epidemiological characteristics of 23 acute meningitis and encephalitis cases caused by Neisseria meningitides in Hebei Province

作　　者：李静[1] 王晶辉[1] 丛艳丽[1] 孙丽[1] 孙印旗[1] 张俊棉[1] 张振国[1] LI Jing;WANG Jing-hui;CONG Yan-li;SUN Li;SUN Yin-qi;ZHANG Jun-mian;ZHANG Zhen-guo(Institute of Immunaztion Programe,Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Hebei,Shijiazhuang Hebei,050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心免疫规划管理所

出　　处：《职业与健康》2019年第23期3288-3290,3294,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：WHO/卫生部流行性脑脊髓膜炎和流行性乙型脑炎等疾病监测合作项目(2007年5月—2008年12月);中国疾病预防控制中心流行性脑脊髓膜炎和流行性乙型脑炎等疾病监测合作项目(2009年1月—2017年5月)

摘　　要：目的了解脑膜炎奈瑟菌所致的急性脑炎和脑膜炎病例的流行病学和临床特征。方法对2007年5月-2017年5月河北省脑炎脑膜炎监测点报告的脑炎脑膜炎病例开展流行病学调查,并采集血清和脑脊液,选择性的进行细菌培养或定量聚合酶链式反应(PCR)检测。结果2007年5月-2017年5月报告的4313例脑炎脑膜炎病例中,通过各种检测方法有23例的血清和/或脑脊液标本检测流脑菌株阳性,男女性别比为1.30:1,均为15岁以下儿童,平均年龄6岁,发病以冬春季为主。56.5%以上的病例伴有5种及以上的临床症状及体征;平均每个病例住院11天。结论流行性脑脊髓膜炎主要侵犯低龄儿童,而且会引发较为严重的临床表现。需加强流脑疫苗接种为主的综合措施防制,有效控制流脑的流行。Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of acute meningitis and encephalitis cases caused by Neisseria meningitides.Methods The epidemiology investigation was performed on meningitis and encephalitis cases reportedbythemonitoring points in Hebei Province from May 2007 to May 2017.Serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)were collected for bacterial culture or quantitative polymerase chain reaction(PCR)selectively.Results Among 4313 meningitis and encephalitis cases reported from May 2007 to May 2017,there were 23 serum and/or cerebrospinal sample were positive for Neisseria meningitides by the different test.The male-to-female ratio was 1.30∶1,and all cases were children under 15 years old with an average age of 6 years old.The peak season appeared in winter and spring.More than 56.5%cases were accompanied with five or more clinical symptoms and signs.The average length of hospital stay was 11 days.Conclusion Epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis mainly invades young children,and will cause more serious clinical manifestations.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis by comprehensive measures mainly including vaccination.

关 键 词：流行性脑脊髓膜炎 脑膜炎奈瑟菌 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]